CRETACEOUS CONIFERALES 27 
exactly like that of the living pteridophyte genus Psilotum, and it 
has seemed somewhat strange that Newberry did not recognize this 
resemblance, especially as he had previously referred another plant 
with similar habit to the genus.?* 
Figures 4-6, Pl. 6, show the general form and appearance of the 
species, natural size, and fig. 7, on the same plate, represents a por- 
tion of one of the ultimate forking branches, enlarged in order to 
show the presence of the foliar organs and their appearance under an 
ordinary hand lens. 
In consideration of these facts it is evident that the species cannot 
properly be included in the genus Frenelopsis, and, as we shall indi- 
cate further on, the internal structure shows that it is a conifer and 
not a pteridophyte, we have adopted for it a new generic name, 
Raritania, in order to correlate it with the geological formation of 
which it is characteristic. It may be pertinent to remark, however, 
that we expect to demonstrate, in a subsequent memoir, the proba- 
bility that certain other American Cretaceous plants have been prop- 
erly referred to the genus Frenelopsis, although these aré in general 
gnetold remains, resembling the living genus Ephedra, and con- 
sequently not related to the coniferous genus Frenela. 
The determination of the correct botanical affinities of Raritania, 
in view of the confusion of names and alliances above indicated, was 
therefore recognized to be a matter of considerable importance, and 
diligent search was made for specimens which could be subjected to 
critical examination. The result was the separation of a number of 
fragmentary leafy twigs from the lignitic debris which almost cer- 
tainly belong to the genus and in all probability to the particular 
species under discussion. 
Figures 1-4, Pl. 9, represent external views of several of these 
twigs, X 10, and figs. 14—16, Pl. ro, are views, X 5, of two of 
the same specimens and one of a cone, attached to a peduncle 
which has the same type of leaf as the twigs. Unfortunately 
this cone is very poorly preserved, and it has not been possible 
to learn anything from its internal structure, either as to its exact 
botanical affinities or, in the case of the peduncle, as to its rela- 
tion to the twigs associated with it. Incidentally it may be remarked 
5 Psilotum inerme Newb. Ann. N. Y. Lyc. Nat. Hist. 9: 38. 1868. (= Cabomba 
inermis (Newb.) Hollick, in Newb. Monog. U. 8. Geol. Surv. 35 (Later Ext. Fl. N. 
Amer.) : 92. pl. 22. f. 2; pl. 23. f. 2. 1898.) 
