CRETACEOUS CONIFERALES 37 
now living. Foliar gaps have been observed to be invariably present 
in all these cases. This is one of the many features which make it 
very difficult to accept the hypothesis of the lycopodineous origin 
of the Coniferales, and other equally cogent reasons for rejecting 
this hypothesis will be discussed further on. 
Locality: Drummond pit. Plate 4, fig. 12, collected by John M. 
Dunnigan. Specimen in Mus. Staten Island Assoc. Arts and Sci. 
Androvette pit.. Plate 4, figs. 13, 14; Pl. 9, figs. 7, 8; Pl. 11, 
figs. 1, 2, 4, 5; Pl. 12, figs. 1-6; Pl. 13, fig. 1, collected by E. C. 
Jeffrey and Arthur Hollick. Specimens in Jeffrey collection, Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 
Cone of BRACHYPHYLLUM sp.? 
Plate 9, figs. 5, 6; Pl. 11, fig. 3; Pl. 14, fig. 3 
A single fragmentary cone, X 10, viewed from opposite sides, is 
shown in figs. 5, 6, Pl. 9. It was apparently ellipsoidal in shape. 
The upper part is only represented by the denuded axis, somewhat 
flattened, which was doubtless originally covered with scales simi- 
lar to those yet attached to the lower part. These scales are strik- 
ingly like the leaves which cover the branches of Brachyphyllum 
and the relationship of the cone to that genus would naturally be 
inferred from these external characters alone, although it may be 
seen that the scales are somewhat less broad than the leaves on the 
shoots, represented by figs. 7, 8, on the same plate, and they may 
not belong to the same species. 
Figure 3, Pl. 11, shows a transverse section, X то, through the 
peduncle or lower part of this cone, and the general features may be 
seen to be almost identical with those of the stem of Brachy- 
phyllum macrocarpum shown in figs. 1 and 2, on the same plate, 
thus making probable at least the generic relationship. 
Figure 3, Pl. 14, shows a transverse section, X 35, through the 
axis. On the left side of this figure may be seen a break in the sur- 
face of the cone. The cortical tissues of the axis are occupied by 
very numerous resin canals. Inside the resin canals lie very small 
fibrovascular strands, which can scarcely be seen with the degree of 
magnification used in this case. The center of the axis is occupied 
by a large pith which is free from stone cells, although these are 
abundant in the pith of the peduncle, as may be made out in fig. 
3, PL I1. 
