40 MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN 
Figure 2, Pl. 16, shows a general transverse section, X 30, of 
the leafy twig just referred to. The bases of two leaves may be 
distinctly made out, one on the left and the other on the right of the 
figure. There are less clear indications of the bases of three other 
leaves on the remaining portion of the periphery. In the center of 
the stem lies the woody cylinder, which encloses a larger pith than 
is found in the case of the living Sequoia gigantea Torr. The pith 
which occupies the center of the figure is largely taken up by stone 
cells, which appear dark on account of the thickness of their walls. 
Figure 3, Pl. 16, shows a longitudinal section of the same twig, 
x зо. The pith is well preserved but the tissues of the central 
cylinder are less perfectly represented. On the right and left certain 
irregularities of contour mark the bases of leaves. Figure 4, Pl. 
16, is a transverse section of a leaf, X 40. Three resin canals may 
be seen, a median large one and two smaller lateral ones. Тһе mag- 
nification is not sufficient to show that the transfusion tissue, which is 
abundantly present, bends outward from the flanks of the bundle 
and tends to envelop the resin canals, thus presenting a marked 
contrast to the transfusional borders of the foliar strands in Sequoia, 
which are directed towards the sides and not towards the dorsal 
surface of the leaf. 
Figures 1, 2, Pl. 17, show other transverse sections of the same 
twig, X 28. In fig. 2 may be seen on the upper side a foliar gap in 
the woody cylinder, which subtends an outgoing leaf trace. Figures 
3; 4, Pl. 17, show other similar sections of the same twig, X 40. 
These somewhat numerous figures are introduced in order to give as 
complete an idea as possible of the structure of this important Creta- 
ceous fossil, which is now for the first time studied from the stand- 
point of internal structure. 
Figure 1, Pl. 18, shows, in longitudinal section, X 40, the com- 
position of the pith in the same twig. It is largely occupied by stone 
cells such as do not occur in either of the living species of Sequoia, 
but are common in the pith of Brachyphyllum. The wall of the stone 
cells is strikingly laminated from the action of the charring process, 
to which is due the preservation of most of the Cretaceous material 
from Kreischerville. This lamination is accompanied by a consid- 
erable swelling of the cell. It is only sclerenchymatous elements 
which are affected in this way, tracheids, for example, not being 
noticeably influenced by heat. In branches which are less charred 
