CRETACEOUS CONIFERALES 47 
question (1. c., Amer. Nat., pp. 199, 200, pl. 2, f. 1-5) and their 
relationship to Brachyphyllum is not improbable (J. c., p. 204). 
In figs. 1-9, Pl. 4, are shown a number of the scales, natural size, 
which indicate the variation in size and shape that may be found 
among them. Figures 10, 11, Pl. 4, represent respectively a narrow 
and a broad form, X 10, in which the acuminate apical process may 
be seen, as well as the three seed scars and the numerous longitudinal 
resin canals on the lower surface. Figures 1-3, Pl. 10, show other 
typical specimens, similarly enlarged. 
Figure 5, Pl. 14, shows a transverse section, X 40, through the 
base of one of the cone scales. In the lower part of the figure may 
be seen indications of the seven resin canals, which are ordinarily 
found on the inferior surface. The upper part of the scale is largely 
sclerified and the superficial tissues are covered by a layer of peri- 
derm. The magnification is not sufficient to show the very small 
fibrovascular bundles, which are present in the base of the scale. 
Figure 3, Pl. 15, shows the center of the upper portion of the last 
mentioned figure, X 100. Four minute fibrovascular bundles may 
be made out, three of which have their wood orientated upwards and 
a single one above has its xylem directed downwards. At a lower 
level than is represented in this figure there is a single bundle present 
in the scale, in which the wood is uppermost. Аса slightly higher 
level a single bundle of opposite orientation is derived from the 
upper surface of this bundle, after which the original bundle divides 
into three, as may be seen in the figure. After the separation of the 
upper bundle the scale broadens considerably, as is shown in trans- 
verse section, X 30, in fig. I, Pl. 15, being characterized at this stage 
by two thin lateral wings. Figure 2, Pl. 15, shows another trans- 
verse section of the cone scale, X 30, at about its thickest and 
broadest part, where it gives attachment to the three ovules. The 
bundles of the upper and lower series lie nearly in a line about the 
transverse middle of the scale. It is not easy to distinguish the 
upper and the lower series from one another, nor has it been possible 
to make out just when the upper, originally single, bundle divides 
into three for the supply of the three ovules. Figure 5, Pl. 15, 
shows a transverse section, X 40, through the median part of the 
scale at about the same level as that shown in fig. 2. Below may 
be seen the central of the seven resin canals, which characteristic- 
ally occupy the lower portion of the scale. Above the resin canals 
