August 6, 1909] 



SCIENCE 



191 



The writer commenced taking notes on what 

 species of birds were in song at Raleigh, N. C, 

 during the last week of June, 1908, and this paper 

 gives the results obtained up to the end of April, 

 1909. 



On the Number of Species of Birds that can le 

 Observed in One Day at Raleigh, N. C: C. S. 

 Bbimley. 



This paper enumerates the total number of spe- 

 cies obser\'ed in each month at Raleigh, N. C, 

 from November, 1908, to April, 1909, inclusive, 

 and also gives the greatest number observed in 

 any one day in each of the months, with a full 

 list of the species observed on the best days in 

 November, January, March and April. 

 Geology and the Lumber Market: Coixiee Cobb, 

 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. G. 

 Studies in Soil Bacteriology, III.: Concerning 

 Methods for Determination of Nitrifying and 

 Ammonifying Poioers: F. L. Stevens and W. A. 

 Withers, assisted by J. C. Temple, W. A. Stme, 

 J. K. Plumsieb and P. L. Gainey, North Caro- 

 lina Experiment Station, Raleigh, N. C. 

 Observations on Bird Life of Great Lake, Craven 

 County, North Carolina: H. H. Beimlet, Cura- 

 tor State Museum, Raleigh, N. C. (Read by 

 title.) 

 Soxses of Insects: Franklin Sherman, Jr., En- 

 tomologist, Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, 

 N. C. 



This paper merely reviews the well-understood 

 facts in regard to the senses of insects, the organs 

 of special sense, their location, etc. No claim is 

 made for originality in the matter presented. 



The antenns are declared to be the most impor- 

 tant organs of special sense, as they serve as 

 organs of both touch and smell, and apparently 

 in some cases (mosquitoes of the genus Culex) 

 as organs of hearing also. 



Methods of Reproduction among Insects: Z. P. 

 Metcauf, Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, 

 N. C. 

 Some Unrecognized Factors Affecting the Poten- 

 tial Difference Developed in an Induction Coil: 

 C. W. Edwaeds, Trinity College, Durham, N. C. 

 (Read by title.) 



Oral Gestation among Teleostean Fishes: E. W. 



GuDGEB, State Normal College, Greensboro, N. C. 



Oral gestation is not uncommonly practised by 

 siluroid and cichlid fishes. Many marine, estuarine 

 and fresh-water catfishes of Central and South 

 America, India and Australia carry their eggs 

 and young in their mouths. With one possible 



exception, it is always the male who thus incu- 

 bates the eggs. 



Among the cichlids of South America, Africa 

 and Syria this habit is very prevalent. In these 

 fishes it is generally the females who thus care 

 for their progeny. 



Scattering cases of this habit among other 

 teleosts are occasionally met with, especially 

 among species belonging to the genera Apogon 

 and Cheilodipterus. It seems probable that fur- 

 ther research among these latter forms will extend 

 our knowledge of this curious habit which is in- 

 variably associated with unusually large size of 

 the eggs. 



The writer has been engaged for fifteen months 

 in working up the literature of this extraordinary 

 habit in fishes. This work is being done for the 

 Bureau of Fisheries, and will be issued in its 

 publications. 

 The Linear Classification of the Cubic Surface: 



Aechibald Hendebson, University of North 



Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C. 



The speaker considered the twenty-one different 

 types of the cubic surface (neglecting the two 

 scrolls) reduced to canonical form with reference 

 to the straight lines lying wholly upon the sur- 

 face. By proper choice of constants, he succeeded 

 in representing, in each case, the lines in position 

 with reference to the fundamental tetrahedron. 

 He exhibited diagrams, in color, of the lines, with 

 proper reference to each other and to the funda- 

 mental tetrahedron, for all twenty-one types of 

 the cubic surface. 

 The Terminal Bud of the Sweet Gum, Liquidambar 



styraciflua: E. W. Gudgeb, State Normal Col- 

 lege, Greensboro, N. 0. 



This tree has on the ends of its lateral branches 

 terminal buds of two kinds. One is of ordinary 

 size and contains only leaves and an embryonic 

 branch. The other kind is very large and swollen. 

 Dissection or subsequent development on the tree 

 shows that this contains a cone made up of the 

 familiar sweet gum balls — it is seemingly a 

 terminal bud devoted solely to the production of 

 flowers. Later, the lowest ball (sometimes the 

 two lowermost) develops an extraordinarily long 

 pedicel, and the stem bearing the cone breaks off 

 just above the point of attachment of this pedicel 

 leaving but one ball of the six or eight to come 

 to maturity. About this time a very small leaf 

 bud makes its appearance just below the base of 

 the cone and this lateral bud later becomes the 

 terminal bud which by its growth elongates the 

 branch. 



