OCTOBEB 1, 11)09] 



SCIENCE 



421 



of college admission examinatious, with 

 uniform tests in each subject ; and to issue 

 certificates based upon the results of such 

 examinations. The constitution of this 

 Board provides that a college or university 

 may, upon application, be admitted to its 

 membership, provided that in the college 

 applying for admission : 



(1) There shall be specifically defined and con- 

 sistently carried out, whether by examination or 

 certificate (or for the admission of special stu- 

 dents), requirements for admission which shall in 

 every case be equivalent to a four-year course in 

 a college-preparatory or high school of good grade, 

 able to prepare its pupils for admission to the 

 colleges already belonging to this Board. (2) 

 The members of the faculty shall have an academic 

 training adequate to maintain a high standard of 

 teaching; they shall bear a proper proportion to 

 the students to be taught, and shall be suiDcient 

 in number to permit of proper specialization in 

 the subjects assigned to each individual instructor. 

 (3) The breadth of the college curriculum, the 

 standard of graduation, the grade of work and 

 the amount of work demanded, shall be proper 

 subjects of inquiry by the Executive Committee, 

 and shall constitute factors in determining their 

 decision. (4) There shall be no preparatory de- 

 partment under the government or instruction of 

 the college faculty. (5) There shall have been 

 for at least three years preceding the application 

 for admission an average of at least fifty students 

 in the regular entering classes (courses in arts 

 and in science to be reckoned together for this 

 purpose). (6) There shall be a free income- 

 bearing endowment yielding in no case less than 

 twenty thousand dollars annually, or in the case 

 of state universities and colleges an equivalent 

 annual appropriation from public funds, ex- 

 pended exclusively on the undergraduate depart- 

 ment; as well as libraries, laboratories, buildings 

 and equipment adequate to maintain the degree of 

 efficiency and the standard of scholarship contem- 

 plated in the above provisions. 



The Carnegie Foundation for the Ad- 

 vancement of Teaching was created in 

 1905 for the purpose of administering a 

 fund for pensioning college professors. 

 Its governing board adopted, in April, 

 1906, regulations fixing an educational 

 standard for the institutions which should 



be counted as eligible to participate in the 

 benefits of this fund. The definition of a 

 college adopted by the Foundation is 

 practically that in use by the regents of 

 the University of the State of New York. 

 It is stated in the following terms : 



An institution to be ranked as a college must 

 have at least six professors giving their entire 

 time to college and university work, a course of 

 four full years in liberal arts and sciences, and 

 should require for admission not less than the 

 usual four years of academic or high school prep- 

 aration, or its equivalent, in addition to the 

 pre-academic or grammar-school studies. 



A technical school to be eligible must have 

 entrance and graduation requirements equivalent 

 to those of the college, and must ofi'er courses in 

 pure and applied science of equivalent grade. 



To be ranked as a college an institution must 

 have a productive endowment of not less than two 

 hundred thousand dollars. 



Because of its ability to give or with- 

 hold valuable grants, and its declaration 

 that these grants will be made only to in- 

 stitutions of a certain academic grade, and 

 further becaiise of adequate provision in 

 the office of the Foundation for the investi- 

 gation of all institutions applying for such 

 grants, this establishment has become one 

 of the most powerful agencies for clearing 

 up and unifying our standards in higher 

 education. It is doubtful whether all of 

 the agencies working directly to this end, 

 taken together, have thus far accomplished 

 so much in the fixing a norm of collegiate 

 education in this country as has been 

 done, under far-sighted direction, in the 

 short term of its activity hitherto, by the 

 Carnegie Foundation. 



The National Conference Committee on 

 Standards of Colleges and Secondary 

 Schools is an outgrowth of two annual con- 

 ferences of delegates from a number of the 

 associations of colleges and preparatory 

 schools of the country, the first of which 

 was held at Williamstown in 1906. At the 

 third annual meeting of delegates from 



