Decembeb 17, \'M'.i\ 



SCIENCE 



891 



mains was made near the Neveraink Hills in 

 New Jersey, a considerable distance south of 

 the drift-covered region. Other remains have 

 been found near Philadelphia, likewise south 

 of the drift. Teeth and bones of two species 

 of horses were discovered in Port Kennedy 

 cave, but this too lies south of the glaciated 

 tract. Two teeth of an extinct horse were 

 found in the banks of the Susquehanna River, 

 at Pittston, Pennsylvania, some twenty miles 

 north of the terminal moraine ; but Leverett 

 shows by his map' that just south of Pittston 

 there is a much older drift sheet. The teeth 

 in question may therefore have been buried in 

 this layer or even below it, in preglacial de- 

 posits which may continue north as far as 

 Pittston. 



Further west, remains of horses have been 

 found at Cincinnati and at Big Bone Lick. 

 These localities are within the border of the 

 niinoian drift sheet and possibly the remains 

 are in an interglacial deposit below the drift, 

 inasmuch as at Cincinnati they were obtained 

 several feet below the surface of the drift. 

 Scanty remains of a horse have been discov- 

 ered near Evansville, Ind. ; but this is outside 

 of the glaciated area. The same is to be said 

 regarding two localities in Missouri. 



Many years ago Dr. Skilton called attention 

 to some horse teeth that had been found near 

 -^'roy, N. T., but there is nothing in the case 

 to make us suppose that they were anything 

 else than the teeth of the domestic horse. Two 

 teeth of a fa?tal or new-born horse have been 

 reported by Leidy from Hartmann's cave, near 

 Strdudsburg, Pa. This cave is situated eight 

 or nine miles north of the glacial moraine. 

 Inasmuch as the cave had long been open, so 

 that boys had been accustomed to explore it, 

 the colt teeth may have been rather recently 

 introduced by some carnivorous animal. A 

 more reliable discovery was made many years 

 ago in a bog near the line between Bond and 

 Fayette counties. 111. From this place Worthen 

 sent to Leidy the maxillary bone, with 

 the four premolars, of a horse which Leidy 

 identified as Equtts complicatus. Through the 

 kindness of Dr. A. E. Crook, curator of the 



'Men. U. S. Geol. Surv., XLI., PI. II. 



state museum, at Springfield, I have had the 

 opportunity of examining the specimen and 

 have had the benefit of the expert knowledge 

 of Mr. Gidley. Neither the bone nor the 

 teeth are to any considerable extent mineral- 

 ized. The teeth have the enamel somewhat 

 more complicated than it is in any known 

 specimen of the domestic horse, but it does 

 not have the thickness indicated in Dr. Leidy's 

 figure of the specimen. The teeth have al- 

 most exactly the structure shown in a thor- 

 oughly fossilized tooth found at Big Bone 

 Lick and sent by Dr. Crook. The specimen 

 may therefore be regarded as belonging to an 

 extinct horse, probably E. complicatus. All 

 that part of Illinois is covered over by the 

 niinoian drift sheet and since the tooth lay 

 on this drift it must be younger than the 

 niinoian. It may belong to the Sangamon 

 interglacial deposit. If so, the genus con- 

 tinued to about the middle of the Glacial 

 epoch. 



Dr. W J McGee' mentioned the finding of a 

 tooth of Equus complicatus in northeastern 

 Iowa. In reply to my inquiry Dr. McGee 

 kindly informs me that the tooth was found 

 near Sandspring, Delaware County, la., lying 

 on a knoll of Niagara limestone. According 

 to the geological map of this county, the 

 immediate region is covered with lowan drift, 

 which overlies Kansan drift, but with inter- 

 vening interglacial gravels and sand. Little 

 of these sheets, except some coarse materials, 

 was left on the wind-swept knoll. In case 

 the tooth had been originally buried in or 

 above the lowan drift it would hardly have 

 endured the weathering incident to being low- 

 ered to the limestone. 



Mr. McAdams° reported the discovery of a 

 tooth of a horse at the bottom of a well that 

 was being dug in Greene County, HI. The 

 exact locality was not given. All that region 

 is covered by niinoian drift. The tooth may 

 have been buried in an interglacial deposit 

 below this. The same writer reported another 

 tooth from Alton, HI., but no details were 

 given. 



* Eleventh Ann. Report U. S. Geol. Surv., p. 495. 

 " Trans. 8t. Louis Acad., IV., p. Lxxx. 



