70 



being dull buff. (Note. — Dr. Behr, Proc. Co'. Acad., vol. iij., p. 90, 

 says : "This species is very similar to Chalcedon, but the want of the 

 yellowish halo around the lunulse of the brown band of the under 

 side of secondaries is a very positive diagnostic character. The 

 brown color of the bands of hind wings is always of the same sombre 

 hue as that of the under side of fore wings, and never of the fiery 

 brick-red that colors* the fasciae on the under side of Chalcedon") 

 With all these well-marked differences, the two species look so much 

 alike that it would have been a long time before Cotyperi would have 

 been recognized as a distinct species if it had not been for the strik- 

 ing differences of its caterpillar. It is nearly of the shape and color- 

 ation of the European M. Aurinia, Rott., brimstone-yellow, with a 

 dorsal and a lateral black stripe, while the larva of Chalcedon is 

 velvety black irrorated with white. Expanse of Cooperi same as 

 Chalcedon. 



4. M. Anicia, Double-day. Male : Upper 'side red, marked with pale 

 ochr^-yellow and black ; in many examples the black being reduced 

 to a very small quantity. The fore wings have a marginal series of 

 red spots, then a row of red with more or less yellow in centres, then 

 one of yellow with red edges or yellow on red ground ; the fourth 

 row (usually in this group of distinct spots) is here diffused with a 

 broad discal band, on which the fork appears in yellow or yellow and 

 red ; four spots in ceU red and yellow alternately ; the area below 

 cell red with a yellow spot ; hind wings have red marginal series, 

 the second row either red with more or less yellow in centre or yel- 

 low with red edges ; the third red, small, with yellow centres ; and 

 the second and third rows stand on black ground ; fourth row large 

 spots, the outer ends red, an obsolescent demi-row of red on anterior 

 half of wing ; four yellow spots on the black basal area. Under side 

 of primaries nearly all red. a few yellow sub-apical spots on second 

 row and an extra discal faint one ; hind wings have a marginal red 

 row, a series of large yellow crescents on black ground ; the third 

 row yellow spots with round red spots in centre ; the fourth, of long 

 yellow spots, making a broad band, which is unequally cut from 

 margin to margin by a black line ; next, a red band ending at sub- 

 median nervule ; then a yellow band across the wing with a yellow 

 spot outside the row at end of cell ; a red band at base. 



Female: Very like male, the red largely predominating on upper 

 side, and often the red bands are diffused so as to occupy most of 

 the surface. Expanse of male, about 2 inches ; of female, 2 to 2 3-10 

 inches. Nevada, Yosemite. 



