112 



SCIENCE 



[Vol. LVI, No. 1439 



have the appearance of central convolutions. 

 They are wholly internal, the surface of the 

 colony being smooth. Illustrations will be 

 published in a later paper. The markings 

 might be described in brief as a mottled, 

 wrinlvled (convolute) central area fading to a 

 homogeneous margin, appearing in five to 

 seven days and visible for one to two weeks. 

 In view of these facts the writer, rightly or 

 wrongly, has decided to name the soy bean or- 

 ganism Bact. phaseoli var. sojense. 



The writer has never seen the Bact. glyci- 

 neum blight in the field, but, judging from 

 Miss Coerper's description and illustrations 

 and her own greenhouse experiments- the two 

 diseases very closely resemble each other in the 

 later stages. In the early stages, however, 

 they are quite different, Bact. glycineum caus- 

 ing a water-soaking, a phenomenon never ob- 

 served in the disease under consideration. 

 Bacterium phaseoli var. sojense does, however, 

 produce water-soaking in Phaseolus. Another 

 difference — only noticeable in young infections 

 is a slight raising of the center of the infected 

 .area in the case of infection with Bact. pha- 

 .seoli var. sojense, hence the name "pustule." 

 'This raised portion may occur on one or both 

 sides of the leaf and rarely, if ever, exceeds 

 1 mm. in diameter. It ultimately collapses or 

 is sloughed oiS. Microscopic examination of 

 these pustules shows both hypertrophy and 

 hyperplasia. In the later stages the disease is 

 characterized by angular reddish brown spots 

 on the leaves, varying in size from tinj' incon- 

 spicuous specks to large irregular brown areas 

 involving a considerable portion of the leaf. 

 Frequently the leaves have a ragged appear- 

 ance due to the dropping out of portions of 

 the large spots. A conspicuous though not 

 universal accompaniment of this disease is a 

 pronounced yellowing. The writer believes 

 that in this stage only the isolation of the 

 parasite could make possible a correct diag- 

 nosis of the disease, and it is in the hope of 

 avoiding further confusion that this prelim- 

 inary note is published. A paper covering the 

 results of work since 1917 is in preparation. 

 This disease occurs from Washington south- 

 ward. 



Florence Hedges 



TJ. S. Department of Ageicultube 



THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL 

 SOCIETY 



(Continued) 



DIVISION OF DTE CHEMISTRY 



William J. Hale, chairman 

 E. Norris Shreve, Chemistry 



The preparation of phenylglycine-o-carboxylic 

 acid. I. From anthranilic acid and mono- 

 chloracetic acid: Herbert L. Haller. A study 

 of the preparation of phenylglyeine-o-carboxylic 

 acid from anthranilic acid and monooliloracetic 

 acid has been undertaken. Optimum conditions 

 have been determined for (1) concentration in 

 water of the reacting substances, (2) time allowed 

 for reaction, (3) ratio of reacting materials, (4) 

 condensing agent, and (5) temperature of reac- 

 tion mixture. 



On the preparation of 7-7' Di ( ix-hydroxyisopro- 

 pyl) indigo: Max Phillips. Starting with 

 p-cymene obtained from ' ' sulphite turpentine ' ' 

 and using a modified procedure of the Heumann 

 phenylglycine-o-carboxylic acid synthesis of indigo, 

 a new indigoid dye has been prepared. The 

 method used consists in first nitrating p-eymene, 

 then oxidizing the nitro cymene to o-nitro 

 p-hydroxyisopropyl benzoic acid; reducing this to 

 o-amino p-hydroxyisopropyl benzoic acid ; con- 

 densing the latter with monoehloraeetie acid to 

 hydroxyisopropj'l phenylglj'cine-o-carboxylic acid 

 and finally fusing with potassium hydroxide. This 

 new dye has a similar absorption spectrum to that 

 of indigo and lias quite similar dyeing properties. 



A new method for the preparation of dicyanine 

 and related dyes (By title) : S. Palkin. 



The necessity for reclassification and standard- 

 ization of dyes : C. E. DeLong and W. E. Watson. 



The influence of sulphur on colors of azo dyes: 

 W. E. Waldron and E. Emmet Eeid. Some 30 

 diiferent bases containing sulfur in a variety of 

 positions and associated with various alkyl and 

 aryl radicals have been prepared, diazotized and 

 coupled with representative dye intermediates to 

 form dyes so as to show the influence of sulfur 

 groups in various positions on the color. Bases 

 having sulfur in the sulfide and sulfone condition 

 have been compared irith the sulfur-free bases, 

 and it has been found that the sulfide sulfur is 

 bathochromic while the sulfone group is usually 

 hj'psoehroniic. 



Experiments with dehydrothio-p-toluidine and 

 related compounds: Marston Taylor Bogekt and 

 Martin Meter. When dehj-drothio-p-toluidine is 

 subjected to Skraup reaction, it yields the cor- 

 responding benzothiazolyl quinoline. The Atophan 



