August 4, 1922] 



SCIENCE 



125 



making as young geographers need might be 

 given by this member of the stail. In the third 

 place there should be a large and growing col- 

 lection of models, in charge of a trained and 

 skilful model-maker; not a mere artificer but 

 a geographer of artistic capacity and outdoor 

 experience, competent to design and construct 

 truthfully expressive models himself. There 

 should be in the fourth place an extensive and 

 ever-growing collection of geographical photo- 

 graphs, not in charge of a mere photographer, 

 but of a geographer competent to make scien- 

 tific selection of characteristic views for the 

 illustration of geographical subjects and re- 

 gions. And in the fifth place there should be a 

 comprehensive collection of the products of all 

 countries in charge of an experienced economic 

 geographer, unless the School proposes to de- 

 pend for such material on the great Commer- 

 cial Museum in Philadelphia. The material 

 equipment of a graduate school of geography 

 is therefore a somewhat formidable matter. It 

 must be vigorously looked after. 



A Central Bureau tor Geographical 



Illustrations 

 Let me say a few words more about the col- 

 lections of geographical photographs and 

 models, in order to explain the manner in 

 which such collections may be made useful not 

 only in Clark University, but all over the coun- 

 try wherever geography has recognition. Every 

 college w-here geography is taught needs a col- 

 lection of lantern slides for the illustration of 

 its lectures. At present each professor of 

 geography in all those colleges has to build up 

 his own collection as best he can; as a resvdt 

 such collections are very uneven and imperfect. 

 There is no central bureau where well selected 

 sets of lantern slides for the illustration of 

 special subjects or of special regions can he 

 obtained. What a boon it would be for pro- 

 fessors of geography in every part of the 

 United States if the Graduate School of Ge- 

 ogi-aphy at Clark University would undertake 

 to form a standard collection of photographs 

 and lantern slides; not a finished collection, but 

 a constantly growing collection, from which one 

 could order, for example, an elementary set of 

 10 slides or an advanced set of 50 slides for 

 the illustration of the physical geography of 



coasts; or an elementary set of 15 slides or an 

 advanced set of 100 slides for the illustration 

 of the regional geography of Colorado. A 

 great amount of correspondence and travel, of 

 reading and study would be required before 

 such a collection was well developed; but when 

 it came to be known that the sets made up 

 from the collection were composed of pictures 

 critically selected by a competent geographer, 

 so that they would really accomplish their pur- 

 pose, all geographical eyes would be often 

 turned to Clark. 



A Series op Geographical Models 



A similarly beneficient work could be done 

 by establishing a standard collection of geo- 

 graphical models, from which duplicates could 

 be had at the cost of casting and coloring, with- 

 out charge for the making. Like the lantern 

 slides, these might illustrate both systematic 

 and regional subjects. Thus there might be a 

 set of five models to exhibit the successive 

 changes of a volcanic mountain from its youth 

 of eruptive construction to its old age of ero- 

 sional degradation, and so on for other physical 

 features. Similarly there might be models rep- 

 resenting certain striking features of different 

 countries. These, on account of their expense, 

 would be less often sold to colleges than to 

 museums where they would attract much atten- 

 tion; but the systematic series would surely 

 become popular as well as serviceable in the 

 geographical laboratories of colleges; for such 

 models may serve not only in illustration of 

 type forms, but as the basis for very disciplin- 

 ary exercises in landscape description, a phase 

 of geographical instruction which is too gen- 

 erally neglected. Such instruction may be ad- 

 visedly begun in field excursions, where it can 

 be grounded on the direct observation of na- 

 ture; but the variety of landscape on which 

 advantageous exercise may be had will be 

 greatly extended if field excursions are supple- 

 mented by models. But I must turn away from 

 this attractive topic, and consider again the 

 Graduate School itself. 

 An Encouraging Analogy from Astronomy 



If we now return to consider the work of the 

 research professor, perhaps you will ask : Is 

 it really worth while to study the world in so 

 much detail as has been thus far implied. Let 



