424 



SCIENCE 



[Vol. LVI, No. 1450 



THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL 

 SOCIETY 



(Continued) 



DIVISION OF INDIJSTEIAL AND ENGINEERING 

 CHEMISTRY 



W. K. Lewis, chairman 

 E. M. Billings, secretary 



The control of indiistrial heating processes: 

 J. A. DoTLE. The paper will be based upon con- 

 sideration of factors affecting the quality and 

 cost of products subjected to the action of heat 

 in the process of manufacture. Reference will be 

 made to the influence of time as well as tempera- 

 ture in the conduct of such operations and the 

 variable factors that affect the time and rate of 

 heating and cooling. Further reference will be 

 made to factors affecting the selection and use of 

 various forms of fuel or electricity with suitable 

 equipment, and of the necessity of considering 

 the mechanical features incident to heating, cool- 

 ing and handling, as well as the strictly thermal 

 features incident to the thermodynamics of the 

 problem. 



Automatic volumetric analysis — carhon mon- 

 oxide recorder: Gut B. Tatloe and Hugh S. 

 Taylor. An instrument for automatically mak- 

 ing chemical analysis and recording the results 

 is described. The instrument can be adapted to 

 any ease where two or more fluids can be mixed 

 in regulated volumes, and the result of the ob- 

 tained reaction of the fluids recorded by electrical 

 conductivity, temperature rise, etc. Speciflcally 

 the application of the apparatus to the analysis 

 of flue gas for carbon monoxide is described. 



Control devices employed in the high pressure 

 testing of NB3 catalysts: A. T. Larson. Flow- 

 sheet of one hundred atmospheres experimental 

 synthesis NH3 plant shown (slide). Need for 

 close regulation of pressure and rate of flow dis- 

 cussed. Various forms of an electromagnetically 

 operated valve are shown. Consists essentially of 

 a valve seat cut in metal block; a valve stem 

 moving in a guide; an adjusting spring for hold- 

 ing stem against seat; and an electromagnet for 

 lifting valve stem off seat. Use of accessories 

 such as gauges, manometers, relays, shown by 

 slides. Flowmeter for gases under high pressure 

 shown. Also compensating device for density 

 balance employed in controlling composition of 

 gas. 



The absorption process for the recovery of gas- 

 oline from natural gas: J. B. Gabner. The 



paper consists of (a) General description of the 

 absorption process; (6) application of process to 

 recovery of gasoline from dry natural gas; (c) 

 conditions of operation of a large gasoline plant; 



(d) economies effected in plant operation; and 



(e) physical properties of natural gas gasoline. 

 The plastometer as an instrument for process 



control: Eugene C. Bingham, H. D. Bruce and 

 H. D. "Wolbach. Recent work proves that the 

 viscosity of colloidal solutions is not a physical 

 constant as ordinarily measured, but varies with 

 the shearing stress used, so that a certain paint 

 showed a change in viscosity of 10 per cent, when 

 the sheariag stress was trebled. It appears that 

 this difficulty is not limited to any one class of 

 colloids, nor are high concentrations of the dis- 

 perse phase necessary. The difficulty can be 

 overcome by the use of the plastometer. We 

 have, then, two apparently well-defined properties, 

 viz., yield value and mohility. CoUoidal solutions 

 at different concentrations fall into two types — 

 plastic and pseudo-plastic — 'between which there 

 seems to be a sharp distinction, dependent upon 

 the character of the structure of the material. 

 Moreover, some colloidal solutions, such as glue 

 and nitro-cellulose, show a definite temperature 

 from plastic solid to true liquid, "which is the 

 analogue of the melting point of crystalline sub- 

 stances. Finally the concentration of disperse 

 phase at which the property' of plasticity finally 

 disappears appears to be well-defined and meas- 

 urable and definitely related to the pore space 

 and the volume of the dispersion medium. 



A glass pressure gauge: S. Karrer. It is 

 often desiraJble to measure the pressure of a gas 

 or vapor which will react chemically with the 

 materials out of which ordinary pressure gauges 

 are constructed. An all glass gauge has been 

 developed for this purpose and has been used 

 successfully for several years. The gauge con- 

 sists essentially of a thin glass diaphragm whose 

 motion due to changes in pressures on it is de- 

 tected by means of a suitable electrical contact. 

 The unknown gas pressure on one side of the 

 diaphragm is balanced by a known or measurable 

 air pressure on the other side. Equality of these 

 two gas pressures is indicated by the making or 

 breaking of the electrical contact. Gauges hav- 

 ing a range of several atmospheres' pressure and 

 a sensitivity of Yyy mm. of mercury have been 

 used. 



The construction and selection of temperature 

 and pressure instruments for automatic process 

 control: S. S. Andinskt. There are three classi- 



