490 



SCIENCE 



[Vol. LVI, l^o. 1452 



groups. Acetyl-benzoyl derivatives were prepared 

 from 2-amino-3, 6-dibramo-4-metliylphenol, 2- 

 amiuo-S, 5, 6-tribTomo-4-inethylphenol, and 2- 

 amino-3, 4, 5-tribromo-6-niethylplienol. In every 

 case the migration was observed, ■wMeh seems to 

 indicate that the bromine atoms cause no hin- 

 drance. The amino cresols used in this work were 

 secured through the nitration of the corresponding 

 brominated ortho and para cresols. When tetra- 

 bromo-o-eresol was nitrated by Zincke's method 

 (/. Fr. Ch., (2) 61, 564) we obtained two iso- 

 meric mononitrotribromo-o-cresols, in which we 

 were able to prove that the hydroxyl and nitre 

 radicals occupied ortho and para relationships, 

 respectively, in the two compounds. In this nitra- 

 tion Zineke was able to isolate only one of these 

 substances — the ortho product. 



The hydrolysis of alTcyl sulfates. II: Eussell 

 Morgan and H. F. Lewis. The hydrolysis of 

 dimethyl sulfate under the influence of acids, 

 alkalis and salts is described and the following 

 conclusions are drawn: (1) The higher the di- 

 methyl sulfate : water ratio in the water hydrol- 

 ysis, the more rapid the hydrolysis; (2) strong 

 acids in low concentration increase the rate of 

 hydrolysis, but in high concentration retard it; 

 (3) the tendency in alkaline solution is for the 

 second alkyl to come off less easily. No differ- 

 ence between NaOH and KOH in low concentra- 

 tion; (4) acetic acid greatly depresses hydrolysis; 

 (5) salts depress the rate of hydrolysis, even pre- 

 venting the splitting off of the first group; (6) 

 the only substances acting as positive catalysts 

 are the dilute mineral acids, a large number of 

 which have been studied. 



The interaction of primary aliphatic alcohols 

 and ieta-gamma-dibromopropyl-thiocariimide : 

 Eatmond M. Hann. Primary aliphatic alcohols 

 react with this substance to form 2-hydroxy-5- 



BrCHa— CH— S 

 bromomethyl-thiazoline, 0H2-N=C-0H- 



This result is contrary to that assumed by Dison 

 and also to the correction of Dixon's w'ork by 

 Gabriel, who assumed that the product was 

 BrCHo— CH— S 



CH2— N=C— OEt" 

 Aluminum arylamines: M. L. Crossley. Alum- 

 inum reacts with primary and secondary aryl- 

 amines producing aluminum arylamines and hy- 

 drogen. Tertiary amines do not react with alum- 

 inum. Mixtures of the three types of amines can 

 be separated by refluxing with aluminum, dis- 

 tilling off the tertiary amine and recovering the 

 primary and secondary amines from the residue. 



The aluminum compounds are readily decomposed 

 by water and alcohol, giving the original amines, 

 aluminum hydroxides and small quantities of sec- 

 ondary products such as dipheuylamine. The 

 aluminum compound is very reactive and makes 

 possible the introduction of alkyl and aryl groups 

 under atmospheric pressure. 



The action of nitrogen trichloride upon unsat- 

 urated hydrocarbons: G. H. Coleman and H. P. 

 HOTVELLS. Nitrogen trichloride reacts with amyl- 

 ene in carbon tetrachloride to form ammonium 

 chloride and nitrogen gas. No more than traces 

 of other nitrogen compounds are obtained. With 

 butylene nitrogen forms, in addition to ammonium 

 chloride and nitrogen, a n-chloroamine in about 

 20 per cent, yield. When this product is shaken 

 with concentrated hydrochloric acid the chlorine 

 atoms attached to nitrogen are replaced by hydro- 

 gen. The resulting amine still contains chlorine 

 attached to carbon. With propylene the reaction 

 takes place more slowly but the products are sim- 

 ilar to those from butylene. A possible explana- 

 tion of the failure of amine formation in case of 

 amyleue is offered. 



The equilibrium betioeen benzoin and bensalde- 

 hyde: Ernest Anderson, E. A. Jacobson and 

 M. J. Stutzman. The benzoin condensation is 

 found to be reversible. An equilibrium is reached 

 between benzaldehyde and benzoin when either 

 substance is dissolved in alcoholic sodium cya- 

 nide. Both pure substances can be recovered 

 from such solutions. The equilibrium is of the 

 general type A = 2B. The amounts of benzalde- 

 hyde and benzoin present at equilibrium in vari- 

 ous mixtures cheek closely with the amounts cal- 

 culated from the equilibrium constant. 



Di-beta-hydroxy ethyl aniline and some of its 

 derivatives: F. W. Upson and D. W. McLaren. 

 This substance has been obtained in 70 per cent, 

 yield by refluxing one mol. of aniline with three 

 mols. of ethylene chlorohydrine in the presence of 

 30 per cent, aqueous sodium hydroxide. The 

 product is obtained by ether extraction and frac- 

 tional distillation of the extract under reduced 

 pressure. Phenyl morpholine has been obtained 

 by a similar process from beta-beta-diehloro 

 diethyl ether. Di-beta hydroxyethyl aniline and 

 phomo-morpholine have been coupled with diazo- 

 tized sulfanilie acid giving color substances re- 

 lated to methyl orange. 



The preparation of pure ortho and para xylenes: 

 H. T. Clarke and E. E. Taylor. The literature 

 dealing with the separation of the xylenes is con- 

 tradictory and misleading. It has been found 



