178 Zoologica: N. Y. Zoological Society. [I; 9 



A fever, as a rule, begins with a chill or a number of them. 

 There is a shivering or quivering of the muscles and skin and finally 

 of the entire body. If the temperature is high, the animal becomes 

 weak and falls away in weight very rapidly. Increase or decrease of 

 local temperature is generally due to some injury, or a surgical 

 disease. 



RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 

 Nasal Cataerh. 



This affection, generally spoken of as cold in the head, is indi- 

 cated by a watery or thick, mucoid discharge from the nose and 

 eyes, and is due to a febrile or inflammatory condition of the mucous 

 membranes of the nasal chambers or the frontal sinuses, which may 

 arise from damp, cold or contagion. 



Symptoms: — Frequent sneezing, nasal and lachrymal discharge, 

 cough, dullness and inclination for warmth. 



Treatment: — ^Acute catarrh is usually transient and does not 

 often require local treatment. Steaming the head with eucamphol 

 will afford soothing relief if the head is very stuffy from becoming 

 clogged with the collected discharge. Vaseline rubbed into the nasal 

 openings prevents the hard, dry, irritating crusts forming as the 

 result of the discharge from the nostrils. 



If the animal can be taught to use a blanket to sleep in, these 

 annoying nasal colds will generally be avoided. Careful regard as 

 to warmth and comfort will generally suffice to prevent them. 



Laryngitis. Pharyngitis. Sore Throat. 



Animals affected: — Primates generally. 



Causes: — Chiefly faulty hygiene; infection of influenza. 



Symptoms: — There is usually more or less difficulty in swallow- 

 ing, swelling around the throat and under the ears, husky cough and 

 tenderness on pressure. The inspiratory act is accompanied by a 

 rasping or deep bass sound, particularly after the slightest exertion. 

 There is sometimes the general symptom of fever more or less marked, 

 with hastened breathing and red-injected eyes and nostrils. 



While sore throat is rarely fatal in primates, its effects are not 

 unimportant or trivial. It occasionally merges into a chronic form, 



