184 Zoologica: N. Y. Zoological Society. [I; 9 



stomach have been known to induce violent vomiting. If the vomit 

 consists of mucus stained with dirty yellowish bile, tuberculosis of 

 the liver is to be suspected. Foreign bodies, such as pieces of blanket, 

 sticks, or nails which are apt to lodge near the pyloric opening of the 

 stomach, also induce vomiting. 



In gastritis and enteritis, pressure on the abdomen shows pro- 

 nounced tenderness or pain, whereas, with the colicy pains of indi- 

 gestion, by massaging the abdomen the pain is appreciably lessened. 

 The appetite is somewhat modified, and soon after the animal has 

 partaken of food, it will be uneasy and isolate itself; thirst is pro- 

 nounced; the bowels moving frequently; the faeces at first are very 

 soft and later the evacuations are composed of fluid and mucus 

 which may be streaked with blood. At this stage the animal becomes 

 very weak, and emaciation is rapid. 



When the large intestine becomes involved, the faeces are gener- 

 ally fluid, frequently blood-stained, and usually passed without effort. 



Treatment: — In beginning treatment for acute diarrhoea or 

 dysentery, it is always wise to give a dose of castor oil or olive oil, 

 in order to make sure that the bowels are free from irritating sub- 

 stances. A few drops of tinctiu-e of opium to relieve the pain should 

 be added to the oil. This treatment alone will frequently be found to 

 effect a cure. If the symptoms with diarrhoea persist, then small 

 doses of paregoric and subnitrate of bismuth should be given every 

 few hours. All solid food should be withheld. The whites of eggs 

 beaten up in milk, with the addition of a teaspoonful of blackberry 

 brandy, should be the principal food for the first few days. A few 

 drops of tincture of opium in a little barley-water is also of value when 

 the stomach is very sensitive. 



The return to solid food should be most gradual and approached 

 with the greatest care, as the gastric and intestinal mucous membranes 

 remain in an extremely sensitive condition for a considerable period 

 after these affections. A tablespoonful of lime-water added to each 

 four ounces of warm milk will be found to be of great benefit while 

 the stomach remains sensitive. 



Prolapse of the Anus. 



This condition denotes an eversion of the lower portion of the 

 rectum, and its protrusion through the anus. The affection may be 



