102 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. IX. No. 213. 



scratches and its direction of movement. 

 The Qoaternarj' deposits and the question 

 as to the rate of elevation of the land re- 

 ceived somewhat extended discussion. The 

 author believes in the recognizable elevation 

 within the historic period and brietij' ad- 

 duced the phenomena on which he based 

 his conclusion. 



In discussion B. K. Emerson stated that 

 he was somewhat familiar with the rocks 

 of the region from the collections of the 

 Hall and Kane expeditions which are de- 

 posited at Amherst, and from others gath- 

 ered years ago by English officers. In the 

 latter were fossils of the Utlca epoch. J. 

 B. Tyrrell opposed the idea of the recent rise 

 in the west shore of Hudson's Bay, basing 

 his argument upon an old map of the region 

 about Fort Churchill which showed rela- 

 tions like the present ones. David White 

 inquired about the presence of lower Silurian 

 rocks about Frobisher's Bay, and mentioned 

 fossils of the Trenton period which had been 

 identified by Schuchert. H. S. Williams 

 asked if no strata above the Devonian were 

 known. In reply, Dr. Bell again upheld 

 the view that the land was rising and men- 

 tioned many arguments in support of it. 

 The Trenton fossils, he said, had come from 

 the northwest in the drift, and that no 

 Carboniferous or later rocks, except Pleisto- 

 cene, were known. 



The Society then adjourned for lunch, 

 and at the afternoon session begun at once 

 the reading and discussion of papers. 



The Faunas of the UpiKr Ordovician in the 

 Lake Champlain Valley. Theodore G. 

 White, New York City. 

 The results of a detailed study of the con- 

 secutive faunas contained in each stratum 

 at numerous localities throughout the length 

 of the valley were presented after a prelim- 

 inary description of the general geology. 

 A complete section is afforded from the 

 base of the Black River formation through 



the Trenton and terminating in the Utica. 

 Species hitherto reported only from Cana- 

 dian localities are found associated with 

 those characteristic of the Trenton Falls 

 type-province, showing the Champlain con- 

 nection with Ordovician seas. Several zones 

 characterized by restricted species are lo- 

 cated, and also ' Conglomeratic zones.' The 

 fauna is very abuudant and supplies a basis 

 of comparison for similar detailed study 

 from other provinces. The occurrence of 

 the Hudson River and Oneida groups in 

 the region is questioned. 



In discussion H. M. Seely spoke of the 

 attractiveness of the region and of its in- 

 teresting problems and of the need of close 

 paleontological study of the faunas. H. 

 P. Cushing spoke in the same strain, and 

 H. M. Ami remarked the close relationships 

 of the faunas with those of Canada. C. S. 

 Prosser remarked the resemblances and the 

 contrasts with those of the Mohawk Valley. 



The Neivarh System in Neru York and New 

 Jersey. Henry B. Kummel, Chicago, 111. 

 The paper presented a general summary 

 of the petrology, stratigraphy and condi- 

 tions of origin of the Newark rocks in New 

 York and New Jersey. The rocks form a 

 northwestward dipping monocline, inter- 

 rupted by gentle folds and many faults, two 

 of which have a throw of several thousand 

 feet. The lithological character varies 

 great]}', so that sub- divisions established in 

 one area do not hold for the entire field, and 

 yet sub-divisions based on lithological char- 

 acteristics are the only ones possible. The 

 author classified them into the Stockton, the 

 Lockatong and the Brunswick formations, 

 together with the traps. Both extrusive 

 and intrusive trap sheets occur and their 

 relations to the sedimentarj' beds are in- 

 structive. The question of thickness is com- 

 plicated by the faulting. Estimates vary 

 from 12,000 to 15,000 feet. The strata were 

 probably accumulated under estuarine con- 



