286 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. LIII. No. 1369 



gists and land surveyors. The proposed act 

 calls for tlie registration of all members of 

 these professions who practise their profession 

 in the state of Wisconsin. It is understood, 

 however, that only those persons whose prac- 

 tise of their profession involves the public 

 health and safety will be affected by this law. 

 In order to receive a certificate of registration 

 an engineer or chemist must present evidence 

 that he is fully qualified to practise his pro- 

 fession, and that he is of good character and 

 repute, that he is at least twenty-five years of 

 age and that he is a citizen of either the 

 United States or Canada. The following — 

 under the provisions of the proposed act — 

 will be considered as evidence of the pro- 

 fessional qualifications: 1. Ten or more years 

 of active engagement in the profession. 3. 

 Graduation, after a course of not less than 

 four years, in chemistry, from a reputable 

 college, and an additional four years of active 

 engagement in the profession. The act pro- 

 vides for a board to apply the provisions of 

 the act, for penalties in case of presentation 

 of fraudulent evidence to obtain a certificate, 

 and for penalties for those who practise fraud 

 or deception in the practise of their profession. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 

 NEWS 



By the will of Daniel Baugh a legacy of 

 $150,000 has been left to the Jefferson Medical 

 College of Philadelphia, to be used for the 

 salary of the professor of anatomy and director 

 of the Daniel Baugh Institute of Anatomy and 

 Biology. J. Parsons Schaeffer, M.D., Ph.D., 

 is the present occupant of these positions. Mr. 

 Baugh was a trustee of the Jefferson Medical 

 Collie and made generous gifts to it, includ- 

 ing an institute of anatomy. 



The graduate school of Tale University has 

 been authorized to confer the degree of doctor 

 of philosophy for work in clinical medicine, 

 and in pharmacology and toxicology. 



The University of Alabama, cooperating 

 with the U. S. Interdepartmental Social Hy- 

 giene Board, has established a department of 

 hygiene, with Dr. Hiram Byrd as director. 



Dr. Eliot Blackwelder, of Denver, Colo., 

 formerly associate professor of geology in the 

 University of Wisconsin, has been appointed 

 lecturer on geology at Harvard University. 



Dr. E. W. Scripture, formerly of Yale Uni- 

 versity and the medical school of Columbia 

 University, has been appointed to the faculty 

 of the University of Hamburg for the sum- 

 mer semester, where he will lecture on Eng- 

 lish philology and experimental phonetics. 



DISCUSSION AND CORRESPONDENCE 



THE PREGLACIAL OUTLET OF LAKE ERIE 



Two or three months ago an item went the 

 rounds of the newspapers to the effect that in 

 digging for the locks on the new Welland 

 Canal, at Thorold, ten or twelve miles west of 

 Niagara Falls, the workmen had uncovered 

 evidence of the existence there of the long- 

 looked-for preglacial outlet from Lake Erie 

 into Lake Ontario. Partly for the sake of 

 verifying this, I chose to spend my vacation 

 at St. Catharines, two or three miles north 

 of Thorold. Thorold is on the brink of the 

 escarpment of Niagara limestone overlooking 

 the Ontario basin and 330 feet above the 

 surface of the lake. St. Catharines is at the 

 base of the escarpment, nearly down to the 

 level of the lake. At Thorold, as well as at 

 various other places along the escarpment, 

 there is a slight incision made by a small 

 stream which poured over the escarpment in 

 preglacial times. But it does not extend far. 

 Wliat was shown in the excavation for the 

 Welland Canal was simply the edge of the 

 escarpment where it had been rounded off by 

 glacial action without lowering it to any ex- 

 tent. It is interesting and imjwrtant to note 

 that the movement of ice was here from north 

 to south, almost at right angles to the escarp- 

 ment. The workmen reported that at a low 

 level just north of the escarpment a great 

 quantity of bowlders was found, which would 

 seem to be something of the nature of a 

 moraine. As the ice met and overcame the 

 edge of the escarpment it was occasionally 

 deflected into a minor incision, but after 

 it mounted the escarpment a long level sur- 



