April 22, 1921] 



SCIENCE 



377 



and three daughters, together with eight 

 grandchildren. 



He had been in feeble health for the past 

 two or three years, and suffered a broken hip 

 from a fall, toward the end of February. He 

 died on March 11, 1921, at his home in 

 Chicago. 



Edwin B. Frost 



Teekbs Obseevatoey, 



THE CENTENNIAL EXPEDITION OF 

 INDIANA UNIVERSITY TO PERU 



Between June, 1918, and Jime, 1919, the 

 Irwin Expedition of Indiana University as a 

 part of its work collected the fishes in the 

 highlands of Peru, particularly in the Uru- 

 bamba valley from the headwaters at La 

 Eaya, elevation 14,150 feet, to Santa Ana, 

 3,000 feet. This work was done by Dr. C. H. 

 Eigenmann and Miss Adele Eigenmann. 

 Collections were made in the upper Huallaga 

 basin between its headwaters about Cerro de 

 Pasco and Goyllarisquisca down to near Tingo 

 Maria, 1,800 feet, mostly by the present 

 writer. Further collections were made from 

 Lake Junin, 13,500 feet, near Cerro de Pasco, 

 in the Mantaro basin to Huancayo, 10,500 

 feet, by myself and the Eigenmanns. Col- 

 lections were also made from the headwaters 

 of the Tarma Eiver at Tarma, 10,000 feet, 

 down to La Merced, about 2,500 feet, by the 

 Eigenmanns. The Irwin Expedition thus 

 collected in the headwaters of the Huallaga 

 and Ucayali Rivers from their sources to the 

 neighborhood of 2,000 feet above sea level. 



In May of 1920 I started on the so-called 

 Centennial Expedition of Indiana University 

 to carry the survey of the fish fauna to the 

 lower levels of the rivers of eastern Peru. 

 The expedition was assisted by a grant from 

 the Bache Fund of the iNational Academy of 

 Sciences, and by the hearty cooperation of 

 the Peruvian government, which provided 

 free transportation and other assistance within 

 Peru. 



The writer traveled alone, so far as the 

 English-sx)eaking personnel of the expedition 

 is concerned, depending solely upon local aid. 



At times help was volunteered by interested 

 individuals or solicited from the local au- 

 thorities, civil and military. Three weeks of 

 the initial portion of the trip (from the 

 Perene to the Ucayali) were spent in com- 

 pany with Professor J. Chester Bradley and 

 Dr. W. T. M. Forbes, of the Cornell Ento- 

 mological Expedition. 



The plan of the present expedition has been 

 to collect as exhaustively as posible the fishes 

 of a few suitable, representative localities in 

 the basins of the above-named rivers, com- 

 prised for the most part within the great De- 

 partment of Loreto. Entering by Lima, Tarma 

 and La Merced, the writer began where the 

 Irwin Expedition left oil two years ago, and 

 crossed to the head of navigation of the Pichis- 

 Pachitea-Ucayali system by the Via Central. 

 Ten days were required to traverse the final 

 200 kilometers of this atrocious trail. It is 

 an endless succession of mudholes, yet the 

 principal and almost sole means of communi- 

 cation between coastal Peru and her trans- 

 andine provinces. 



ISTo real hardship is involved in making this 

 journey, thanks to the series of government 

 tambos, or shelter houses, at convenient dis- 

 tances, which cater very well to those who 

 come well recommended. This is otherwise 

 a region entirely devoid of inhabitants. 



Ten days were spent at Puerto Bermudez. 

 Two days by canoe brought the party to a 

 point on the Pichis to which the steam mail 

 launch could ascend. Thenceforward travel 

 was chiefly by launches, mail and commercial, 

 which abound in Loreto; the shorter trips 

 into tributary streams and lakes were made 

 in dugouts. A month was devoted to the 

 vicinity of Contamana on the lower Ucayali, 

 a fortnight to the Puinahua and Pacaya, 

 and an equal period to the region of Iquitos. 

 The markets of Iquitos are in season very 

 well supplied with fresh fish of great variety. 

 Another month was spent in cruising the 

 upper Maranon from Iquitos to the Pongo 

 de Manseriche, and the tributaries Tigre and 

 Morona. A three-week sojourn in and about 

 Yurimaguas allowed an examination of the 

 lower Huallaga, the third of four great rivers 



