June 3, 1921] 



SCIENCE 



517 



cause of the lack of necessaries of life, al- 

 tliough his scholars, with touching zeal, bring 

 everything they are able to secure. 



Professor Andrussov and the Academician 

 Vernadsky were fortunate enough to make 

 their way to South Russia, and it is stated that 

 the latter seems to be in good circumstances, 

 as he has founded a new academy of sciences 

 in Kiev, and also a new university in Sim- 

 feropol. About ten of these scientists fled 

 across the frontier, and escaped to Finland 

 or Poland, or even to America or Japan, and 

 perhaps as many more are scattered through 

 Siberia. From fifteen to twenty are probably 

 in the Russian provinces, but only about ten 

 are managing to exist in Petrograd. 



The famous mineralogist Fedorov, whose 

 death from hunger we have noted, was the 

 first to proclaim, at a meeting in St. Peters- 

 burg, in 1889, the great advantages that would 

 result from the application of the principle of 

 the theodolite to goniometrical researches. 

 Four years later, in 1893, he published his 

 classic work, " The theodolite method in min- 

 eralogy and petrography." ^ 



G. F. K. AND E. T. W. 



SCIENTIFIC BOOKS 



The Coccidce. Tables for the Identification 

 of the Sub-families and Some of the More 

 Important Genera and Species, together 

 with Discussions of their Anatomy and] 

 Life History. By Alex. D. MacGillivray. 

 Scarab Company, Urbana, 111., 1921. Pp. 

 viii4-502. $6.00. 



Entomologists who have been acquainted 

 with Dr. MacGillivray's thoroughgoing studies 

 of the scale-insects have long awaited the ap- 

 pearance of this volume. The material was 

 originally collected for the use of students 

 in the identification of Coccids. Prepared in 

 its first draft about fifteen years ago, it has 

 been greatly extended, modified and revised as 

 it was being tested out in laboratory and class 

 work. 



2 W. W. Ndkitin, ' ' La Mgthode universeUe de 

 Fedorov," French transl. by Louis Duparc and 

 Vera de Dervies, 2 vols. Geneva, Paris and Li&ge, 

 1914, Vol. I., p. 6. 



In no group of insects of equal imiwrtance 

 is so much reliance in systematic work placed 

 upon minute structural details. Many a 

 would-be student of the group has been 

 deterred by difiiculties of preparation of mate- 

 rial and by lack of a comprehensive discussion, 

 in English, of the morphology. To such the 

 volume will prove a veritable boon. 



A chapter is devoted to details of technique. 

 In this are considered necessary equipment, 

 tools, clarifying and the various stages in the 

 making of permanent preparations. This is 

 followed by a chapter on the external anatomy 

 of the Coccidse. The " great number of si)e- 

 cies and the dearth of usable characters, be- 

 cause of the simplification of their external 

 form and structure, makes it necessary to em- 

 ploy every available structure." In spite of 

 the lack of illustrations, the discussion and 

 definition of these structures is clear-cut. 



Figures were omitted for pedagogical 

 reasons. 



The tables were prepared primarily for the use 

 of students. Those who have had any experience 

 in teaching know that most students will not 

 undertake anyrthing they are not forced to do. The 

 omission of figures makes it necessary for them to 

 study their specimens rather than figures. 



The autnor's detailed studies on the phy- 

 logeny of the different subfamilies, genera 

 and species have led him to the establishment 

 of a considerable number of new genera, which 

 are here defined for the first time. The group 

 as a whole he divides into seventeen sub- 

 families, which have been treated in an 

 ascending order. A tabular arrangement in- 

 dicates what the author believes to be the 

 relation of these subfamilies, and the scientific 

 and vernacular names that have been applied 

 to them. 



Dr. MacGillivray has done a real service in 

 making tSe materials of his course available 

 to a wider audience. The book will prove in- 

 dispensable to future students of the Coccidse. 

 Wm. a. Riley 



The Soils and Agriculture of the Southern 

 States. By Hugh Hammond Bennett, of 



