20 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Yoh. LI. No. 1305 



O. Hotcihkiss (Wisconsin), Collier Cobb (North 

 Carolina), H. F. Oleland (Massachusetts), Her- 

 man Gunter (Florida), W. A. Nelson (Tennessee), 

 George Otis Smith, E. O. Ulrioh and Charles Butts 

 (Washington, D. C). 



Thomas L. Watson, 



Secretary 



THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. 

 VII 



division of biological chbmistby 

 I. K. Phelps, Chairman 

 B. A. Gortner, Vice-chairman and Secretary 

 Chemotherapy of organic arsenicals: C. N. 

 Meters. A discussion of the transitions of arsenic 

 therapy leading up to the production of salvarsan. 

 A chart showing the methods of approaching the 

 mother substance is presented. The reduction 

 process is briefly discussed, followed by a consid- 

 eration of the chemical and physical properties, the 

 toxicology, the impurities, and the preservation of 

 salvarsan. The chemical and physical factors as 

 related to the administration of the drug are dis- 

 cussed based upon clinical observations as a result 

 of an extensive investigation of the methods used 

 by leading dermatologists. Standard methods are 

 recommended in order to eliminate reactions which 

 unnecessarily result from faulty technique and im- 

 proper use of chemical laws when salvarsan is used 

 in organotherapy. 



The chemical composition of arsphenamine (sal- 

 varsan) : G. W. Eaiziss. 



A comparative study of the trypanocidal activity 

 of arsphenamine and neo-arsphenamine : J. F. 



SCHAMBEKG, J. A. KOLMEB AND G. W. EAIZISS. 



Chemotherapeutic studies with ethylhydrocup- 

 rein and mercurophen in experimental pneumococ- 

 cus meningitis of rabbits: J. A. Kolmee and 

 GoRO Idzumi. 



Coordination of the principles of chemo-therapy 

 with the laws of immunity and the successful appli- 

 cation in the treatment of tuberculosis: Benjamin 

 S. Pasohall. The tubercle bacillus is protected 

 by waxy substances consisting chiefly of unsatu- 

 rated highly complex alcohols and equal quantities 

 of phosphatides with which they form a colloidal 

 complex and which in turn exists in close union, 

 possibly physical, more probably chemical, with the 

 protoplasmic substances of the tubercle bacillus, 

 both proteid and carbohydrate in nature. Saponifi- 

 cation breaks up this complex without destruction 

 of the important immunizing substances and makes 



possible separation by solvents. By this means 

 toxic and easeating substances of the Oholin Mus- 

 earin group are eliminated as well as the ordinary 

 poisons elaborated by the tubercle bacillus pro- 

 teins and protein derivatives. Esterification of the 

 fatty acids with ethyl alcohol forms a valuable im- 

 munizing substance as these fatty acids have so far 

 been found not to conform to those found in our 

 common food products. Esterification of the higher 

 alcohols with salicylic benzoic, acetic or other suit- 

 able acids establishes a new side chain or anchoring 

 group which greatly enhances the reactivity be- 

 tween the antigens themselves and the receptors of 

 the tissue cells so that absorption of these alcoholic 

 esters takes place in the tissues in a few days 

 without producing caseation and tissue necrosis 

 even when given in doses of from 3 to 5 o.c, and 

 following these injections of the mixed esters spe- 

 cific wax digesting ferments form in sufficient con- 

 centration to split the protective waxes from the 

 tubercle bacUlus living within the host whereby 

 disorganization and destruction of the organism 

 ensues and the patient absolutely recovers and re- 

 mains well. Thus combining the principles of 

 chemico-therapy with the laws of immunity, a new 

 substance was found for the treatment of all forms 

 of tuberculosis which was successfully used in our 

 own practise and named by us Mycoleum. 



The chlorinated antiseptics: Chloramine-T and 

 dichloramine-T : Isaac F. Harris, Ph.D., Eesearch 

 Laboratories, E. E. Squibb & Sons, New York. 

 Toluene-p-sodium-sulf onchloramine ( chloramine-T ) 

 when prepared in state of high chemical purity is 

 an extremely stable compound, both in crystalline 

 form and in solution. Toluene-p-sulf ondiehloramine 

 (dichloramine-T) is quite stable when prepared in 

 very high purity chemically dry and protected from 

 dust, organic matter and sunlight. Pure dichlora- 

 mine-T can be kept in pure, anhydrous chlorcosane, 

 without appreciable decomposition, for several 

 months, if protected from continuous action of 

 direct sunlight. In the reactions between the pro- 

 teins of the tissues and Dakin's solution, chlora- 

 mines of the proteins and free sodium hydroxide 

 are formed. The latter furnishes the solvent power 

 attributed to Dakin's solution. When the chlora- 

 mines react with bacteria and necrotic protein mat- 

 ter, chloramines of the proteins are formed and 

 toluene-p-sulfonamide is set free. The latter is 

 inert and innocuous. The chloramines can be em- 

 ployed with more precision and in greater concen- 

 tration than Dakin's solution. 



An agent for the destruction of vermin-method 

 of application: Albert A. Epstein. (By title.) 



