SCIENCE 



Jr??T .„, Friday, February 13, 1920 single copies, 15 cts 



▼81.. LI, No. 1311 ' ' ASNUAL SnESCEtPTION, 86.00 



B 1 a k i s t o n 



FEB 14 



SCHAEFFER 



The Nose, Paranasal Sinuses Nasolacrimal 

 Passageways and Olfactory Organ in Man 



A Genetic Developmental and Anatomico-Physiological 

 Consideration 



By J. PARSONS SCHAEFFER, A.M., M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Anatomy and Director of the 

 Daniel Baugh Institute of Anatomy, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Formerly Assistant Pro- 

 fessor of Anatomy, Cornell University Medical College, and Professor of Anatomy, Yale University 

 Medical School. 



204 Illustrations, 18 In Colors. Large 8vo. Cloth, $10.00 Postpaid 



In studying a given region of the body in an extensive series of cadavers one is profoundly im- 

 pressed with the ever-recurring departure of the morphology of the part under investigation from 

 the conventional or typal description. This is particularly applicable to the gross anatomy of the 

 paranasal (accessory) sinuses. 



While there may be a "typical" gross form for regions, organs and structures, it is, strictly 

 speaking, not often encountered in nature. The typical is ideal and the region, organ, etc., as re- 

 gards shape, size, relations, configuration, etc., very commonly in their actual or real anatomy are 

 variants. It is therefore of the greatest importance that the student early recognizes the very com- 

 mon and constant anatomic variations that beset the human body. All that the observant student 

 need do is to witness the dissection of a series of cadavers to have impressed upon him that there is 

 no fixed and unalterable type in very many of the parts of the human body. Unfortunately, how- 

 ever, some students never get beyond the belief and thought that every structure and organ and 

 region conforms to an arbitrary and fixed normal, and it there is a slight digression from the conven- 

 tional text-book description the term "anomaly" is applied. With this erroneous and unfortunate 

 belief they go forth into the practice of medicine. The far-reaching and direful effects of such faulty 

 conceptions of the anatomy of the human body are so obvious that they need not be discussed here. 

 It, of course, goes without saying, that one must primarily have a fundamental understanding of 

 the ground plan of the human body ; it cannot be gainsaid that one should be equally cognizant of 

 anatomical departures therefrom. 



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