Januart J7, 1913] 



SCIENCE 



93: 



topographer, and Dr. L. T. Nelson, the sur- 

 geon, had returned a couple of days previously, 

 having caught an earlier steamer from Pan- 

 ama. Messrs. K. C. Heald and Robert Ste- 

 phenson, assistant topographers, will return in 

 the course of a week or so. Mr. Joseph Little, 

 assistant, decided to stay in Peru, having se- 

 cured a position with the Dupont Powder 

 Company. Mr. Paul Bestor, assistant to the 

 director, had been invalided home two months 

 previously, having suffered from a variety of 

 tropical ailments. . Mr. EUwood C. Erdis, 

 archeological engineer, is coming to New 

 Haven via the Berlin Museum, where he pro- 

 poses to spend some time studying the Peru- 

 vian collections there before undertaking the 

 work of putting together the various broken 

 pots that were excavated in the department of 

 Cuzco. 



Considerable illness, says Professor Bing- 

 ham in interviews given since his return, over- 

 took this year's expedition and various mem- 

 bers were at times incapacitated. The only 

 serious accident happened to Mr. Heald, who 

 escaped death from falling down the face of a 

 precipice only to rupture the ligaments of his 

 collar bone. Nevertheless he carried out im- 

 portant reconnoissance work for a month after 

 the accident but had finally to be ordered back 

 to Cuzco by the surgeon, so that he was unable 

 to penetrate the jungles of the Pampaconas 

 valley as had been hoped. 



The map makers, members of the party say, 

 complain that the seasons are changing in 

 Peru. They expected that the " dry season " 

 would give them plenty of time and oppor- 

 tunity for work, but they found, as did the ex- 

 pedition of 1911, that in the great Peruvian 

 Montana, the jungles on the east slopes of the 

 Andes, the " dry season " is only a relative 

 term, and is much wetter than the " wet sea- 

 son " in some other parts of the world. They 

 were also hindered by finding that valleys 

 which last year had been noted for their salub- 

 rity were now the scene of two violent epidem- 

 ics, smallpox and typhus fever alternating for 

 the mastery. The prevalence of these virulent 

 diseases also interfered with the plans for the 

 anthropological work. Dr. Nelson, who was 



in charge of the anthropometric measurements, 

 neither dared to leave the engineering party 

 as long as they were exposed to fatal diseases, 

 nor cared to expose the party to the dangers of 

 having Indians from infected houses come to 

 camp to get measured. As practically all the 

 houses in the region were infected, a very seri- 

 ous interference for a period of two or three^ 

 months was the result. Notwithstanding this, 

 however, the surgeon did succeed in measuring 

 nearly 150 Indians, using blanks prepared by 

 Dr. Ferris of the Yale Medical School. Two- 

 photographs were taken of each subject, and 

 also a large number of Indians were photo- 

 graphed who would not submit to being meas- 

 ured. 



Professor Gregory's work was confined al- 

 most entirely to the vicinity of Cuzco and the 

 Huatanay valley. The complex geological 

 problems here presented occupied nearly his 

 entire time in Peru. Eesults will be given out 

 in a series of articles to be published as soon 

 as possible. Mrs. Gregory accompanied him, 

 and after the illness of one of the assistants 

 was able in large measure to take his place, 

 especially in the development of important 

 photographs. 



Dr. Eaton was unusually fortunate in being 

 able to collect and bring home more than fifty 

 cases of osteological and ethnological material 

 which he collected in the vicinity of Cuzco in 

 the ruins of Choqquequirau and especially in 

 the ruins of the great city of Machu Picchu. 

 In addition to more than fifty skeletons of the 

 Machu Picchu people who were probably Incas 

 or their immediate predecessors, he found a 

 considerable amount of anthropological ma- 

 terial in the burial caves. He also collected a 

 number of bones of prehistoric vertebrates, in- 

 cluding mastodon, horse and deer. In addi- 

 tion to his osteological and ethnological work, 

 he had general charge of meteorological obser- 

 vations both on the way down and back and at 

 Machu Picchu. 



Arrangements were made with Mr. Burt 

 Collins, the director of the Inca Mining Com- 

 pany, and with Mr. Claude Barber, the man- 

 ager of the Santa Lucia mine, to undertake 

 the care of four meteorological stations for a 



