Makch 14, 1913] 



SCIENCE 



405 



the mineral series were also made by David 

 Pennant, the son of Thomas. Interesting por- 

 tions of the collection have already been 

 placed on exhibition at the Natural History 

 Museum ; but every specimen is to be carefully 

 preserved, and it may be hoped that in course 

 of time the Museum experts will be able to 

 identify yet other specimens of historical im- 

 portance. 



Thomas Pennant was one of the best known 

 naturalists of his day. At an early age he was 

 in correspondence with Linneeus. Buffon, 

 whom he visited in Burgundy, utilized the 

 " History of Quadrupeds." Cuvier, in the 

 " Biographic TJniverselle," spoke of that work 

 as " encore indispensable," and further ac- 

 corded high praise to the " Arctic Zoology." 



TEE POPULATION OF NEW TOBE STATE 

 The composition and characteristics of the 

 population of New York, as reported at the 

 Thirteenth Decennial Census, are given in an 

 advance bulletin soon to be issued by the 

 Bureau of Census, Department of Commerce 

 and Labor. Of the total population of New 

 York, 3,230,325, or 35.4 per cent., are native 

 whites of native parentage; 3,007,248, or 33 

 per cent., are native whites of foreign or mixed 

 parentage ; 2,729,272, or 29.9 per cent., are for- 

 eign-born whites; and 134,191, or 1.5 per cent., 

 are negroes. The corresponding percentages 

 in 1900 were 39.2, 33.2, 26 and 1.4, respectively, 

 the proportion of foreign-born whites having 

 increased during the decade. In 35 of the 61 

 counties the percentage of foreign-born 

 whites is less than 15 ; in 18 it is between 15 

 and 25 ; in 6 it is between 25 and 35, and in 2, 

 New York and Kings, it is 35 or over. Of the 

 2,762,522 inhabitants of New York County, 

 45.4 per cent, are foreign-born whites and only 

 15.8 per cent, are native whites of native pa- 

 rentage. In 23 counties the percentage of na- 

 tive whites of foreign or mixed parentage ex- 

 ceeds 25, being 42.6 in Queens, 41.5 in Erie, 

 and 40.6 in Kings. Of the urban population, 

 27.2 per cent, are native whites of native pa- 

 rentage; of the rural, 66.1 per cent. The cor- 

 responding proportions for native whites of 

 foreign or mixed parentage are 36.5 and 19.9 



per cent, respectively. The percentage of for- 

 eign-born whites is 34.5 in the urban popula- 

 tion and 12.8 in the rural. 



In the total population of the state there are 

 4,584,597 males and 4,529,017 females, or 

 101.2 males to 100 females. In 1900 the ratio 

 was 98.9 to 100. Among native whites the 

 ratio is 97.5 to 100, and among foreign-born 

 whites 110.5 to 100. 



Of the total native population — that is, pop- 

 ulation born in the United States — 88.7 per 

 cent, were born in New York and 11.3 per cent, 

 outside the state; of the native white popula- 

 tion, 10.4 per cent, were born outside the state, 

 and of the native negro, 59 per cent. Persons 

 born outside the state constitute a larger pro- 

 portion of the native population in urban than 

 in rural communities. 



Of the foreign-born white population of 

 New York, persons bom in Russia represent 

 20.5 per cent.; Italy, 17.3; Germany, 16; Ire- 

 land, 13.5; Austria, 9; England, 5.4; Canada, 

 4.5; Hungary, 3.5; Sweden, 2; all other coun- 

 tries, 8.4. Of the total white stock of foreign 

 origin, which includes persons born abroad 

 and also natives having one or both parents 

 born abroad, Germany contributed 21.5 per 

 cent; Ireland, 19; Russia, 14.8; Italy, 12.9; 

 Austria, 6.7; England, 6; Canada, 4.7; Hun- 

 gary, 2.5; Scotland, 1.6; Sweden, 1.6 per cent. 



Of the total population, 9.9 per cent, are 

 under 5 years of age, 17.4 per cent, from 5 to 

 14 years, inclusive, 19.5 per cent, from 15 to 

 24, 32.5 per cent, from 25 to 44, and 20.6 per 

 cent. 45 years of age and over. The foreign- 

 born white population comprises compara- 

 tively few children, only 7 per cent, of this 

 class being under 15 years of age, while 73.6 

 per cent, are 25 years of age and over. Of 

 the native whites of foreign or mixed pa- 

 rentage, 38.3 per cent, are 25 and over, and of 

 the native whites of native parentage, 49 per 

 cent. The urban population shows a larger 

 proportion of persons in the prime of life than 

 the rural and a smaller proportion past middle 

 age. Migration to the city and the influx of 

 foreign immigrants explains this, at least in 

 part. Of the urban population, 33.6 per cent, 

 are from 25 to 44 years of age, inclusive, and 



