246 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. VII. No. 164. 



measures, etc. There are also two classified 

 indexes, but no general one. 



No attempt can be made here to review with 

 any real thoroughness this important and inter- 

 esting contribution to the ever fascinating study 

 of Rome. One or two special points of excel- 

 lence, however, may be noted and a few rather 

 trivial defects pointed out which might easily 

 be remedied in another edition. 



The student will be glad to have in a work 

 so readily accessible as this book is the discus- 

 sion of the earliest settlement on the Palatine 

 in the light of the excavations at Antemnse and 

 at Castellazzo di Fontanellato. No doubt 

 deeper excavations are necessary before any 

 clear idea of the pre-historic settlement in Rome 

 can be gained ; yet, with a knowledge of the 

 lay of the land and of the settlements which 

 must have had many points in common with 

 that on the banks of the Tiber, the beginnings 

 of the city are removed from the domain of 

 pure speculation. It is pleasant, too, to note 

 that a rational explanation of the dark rooms 

 in Caligula's palace may now be read by the 

 visitor to the Palatine, and that he will no 

 longer be asked to believe that the beautiful 

 decorations were never seen except by artificial 

 light. It is, however, to the account of the 

 Pantheon, the most impressive structure in our 

 heritage from ancient Rome, that the average 

 reader will turn with keenest interest. Doubt- 

 less many knotty questions about the building 

 have not been and perhaps never will be solved, 

 but the most recent and very important studies 

 of it have developed the cardinal fact that the 

 present structure dates from Hadrian and is not 

 Agrippa's at all. Agrippa's structure was prob- 

 ably of a different shape and faced south in- 

 stead of north. It appears to have looked out 

 on a circular open space which was paved and 

 which was enclosed by a wall that is concentric 

 with the foundations of Hadrian's Pantheon. 

 Unfortunately, it is still a mystery what the 

 relation of the building to the thermse was. 

 Lanciani's account of this complicated archi- 

 tectural problem is a model of clear, simple 

 statement, quite free from the vice of claiming 

 results which it is hot possible to prove. 



It would be easy, if it were worth while, to 

 extend in detail an enumeration of the many 



excellent features of this handbook, but it is 

 not so easy to discover its defects, which at best 

 are insignificant. In the first place there should 

 be a good map of modern Rome in the book. 

 The lack of this is occasionally an annoying 

 omission, as an attempt to follow out carefully 

 the account of the bridges, pp. 16 ff., will show. 

 A new general map of the Palatine would be an 

 improvement. Many students of Greek sculp- 

 ture will quarrel with the positive attribution of 

 the ' Venus Genetrix,' p. 301, to Arcesilaus, and 

 they will miss, p. 415, a reference to the publi- 

 cation in the Antike Denhmaler of the remark- 

 able relief on the marble throne of the ' Venus 

 Sallustiana.' Very welcome, however,is the pub- 

 lication of the beautiful Greek head on p. 177. 



The English of the book is simple and clear, 

 with almost no traces of foreign influence. On 

 pp. 62 and 104 ' designs ' and ' designed ' are 

 not used in accordance with our idiom. ' Hex- 

 edra,' p. 176, can hardly be justified, and the 

 spelling ' Polykletos,' p. 215, is rather a fla- 

 grant example of the confusion we have fallen 

 into in the transliteration of classic names. 

 The German 'Poebene,' p. 115, even in quota- 

 tion marks, is scarcely better than Valley of 

 the Po or Po Valley, and it is questionable 

 whether 'unities' {oncie) of water, p. 184, will 

 be readily understood. 



The publisher's work has been well done, 

 though the volume is heavier than one could 

 wish. There is a trifling misprint in ' tribute 

 (sic) of the plebs,' on p. 117. 



J. R. Wheelee. 



Leg Cecidomyies des cereales et leurs parasites. 

 By Dr. Paul Maechal. Annales de la 

 Societe Entomologique de France, Volume 

 LXVI. 1897. Pp. 1-105; Plates I.-VIII. 

 This paper, which has just come to hand, is, 

 taking it all in all, the most important contri- 

 bution to a knowledge of the Hessian fly in 

 Europe which has ever been published. It 

 contains also studies of a very great biologic 

 interest, especially with regard to the larval 

 development of certain of the parasites of the 

 larva of the Hessian fly, and it is especially in 

 relation to these observations that this review 

 is submitted. Dr. Marchal has studied care- 

 fully the life history of Cecidomyia destructor in 



