554 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. VII. No. 173. 



the whole, a tendency of the coefficients for 

 cephalic index to be somewhat greater than 

 their values as given by Galton's law. It 

 is, therefore, reasonable to suppose that the 

 heredity constant y (introduced in a paper 

 'On the Law of Ancestral Heredity') is 

 not, as Mr. Galton takes it, unitj^, but has 

 some slightly less value. 



Other conclusions which may be drawn 

 from the above table are : 



(rf) Among Indians of mixed blood the 

 women are more brachycephalic and more 

 variable than the men. This is in accord- 

 ance with the general conclusion reached 

 in a paper on ' Variation in Man and 

 Woman,' * namely : 



" The lower races give us results in sen- 

 sible accordance with those we have drawn 

 from the data for ancient civilizations, 

 namely, the women are on the whole more 

 brachycephalic and slightly more variable 

 than the men." 



(e) The younger generation is more 

 brachycephalic and more variable than its 

 parentage. 



The whole of this difference can hardly 

 be due to any change of shape of the skull 

 with old age, for the majority of parents 

 had in this case not passed the prime of 

 life. It may be due to (i) a correlation 

 between dolichocephaly and fertility or be- 

 tween dolichocephaly and philogamy, or 

 (ii) more probably to the action of natural 

 selection (results obtained, but not yet 

 published, by the present writers show a 

 correlation between physique and cephalic 

 index), or (iii) to a greater or less admix- 

 ture of white blood in the younger genera- 

 tion. 



(/) Parents of sons are significantly less 

 variable than parents of daughters. This 

 is in accordance with the result previously 

 obtained that mediocre fathers are likely to 

 have sons, f but disagrees with the result 



* Pearson, ' The Chances of Death,' Vol. 1, p. 370. 

 t ' Phil. Trans.,' Vol. 187, A, p. 274. 



for stature —based on a far smaller proba- 

 bility — that mediocre mothers are likely to 

 have daughters. 



The conclusions of this paper, while ap- 

 pearing to the writers of interest, are to be 

 taken, in the first place, as suggestions for 

 much larger series of measiirements and 

 for new lines of investigation. 



A COMPLETE SKELETON OF TELEOCERAS 



THE TRUE RHINOCEROS FR031 THE 



UPPER MIOCENE OF KANSAS. 



Together with the very full series of 

 Upper Miocene skulls in the American 

 Museum a complete skeleton of a rhi- 

 noceros representing an aged female of 

 very large size, has recently been mounted. 

 We vised from materials belonging to several 

 individuals secured by our excavations in 

 Phillips Co., Kansas, under the direction 

 of Dr. Wortman in the months of Septem- 

 ber, October and November, 1894. 



The writer's attention was first drawn to 

 the largelj' disregarded sexual and age 

 characters of fossil Ungulates in studying 

 the group of Titanotheres ; the extinct 

 rhinoceroses conform to the laws which 

 were observed in that group, and which 

 are familiar enough among living types, 

 namelj' : males, of larger size with more 

 robust and rugose skulls ; horns, if present, 

 more prominent ; canines largely developed; 

 incisors and anterior premolars disappear- 

 ing in adults. By the comparison of the 16 

 skulls and 13 jaws, representing both sexes 

 and all stages of growth, we are enabled for 

 the first time to define positively the ani- 

 mal long known as AjAelops fossiger, to dis- 

 tinguish it both from Rhinoceros and Acera- 

 therium, and to point out its important sex- 

 ual and individual variations. 



We owe to Hatcher the valuable demon- 

 stration that Ajyhelops fossiger bore a ter- 

 minal horn upon the nasals, although he 

 assigned this character to a type which he 

 supposed represented a new species, namely, 



