Sli'IBilBEB 18, 1908] 



SCIENCE 



381 



and precipitous gorges that contribute so 

 much to the charms and scenic effects of a re- 

 gion>^ T. A. Bendeat, M.S. 



CONSTABLEVILLE, N. Y. 



THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE 

 ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE 

 HANOVER MEETING, SECTION E, 

 JULY 1-3, 1908 

 At the Hanover meeting of the American Asso- 

 ciation for the Advancement of Science, Section 

 E, Geography and Geology, held two sessions for 

 the reading of papers and participated in the 

 excursions to Mt. Ascutney and Corbin Park. 

 Prior to the gathering at Hanover, a party of 

 geologists, which varied in number from eight to 

 ten, enjoyed a trip from Bellows Falls, Vt., to 

 Rutland under the guidance of Professor J. E. 

 Wolff, to the marble quarries at West Rutland 

 with Mr. G. H. Perkins, state geologist, and from 

 Rutland to Woodstock in company with Professor 

 Wolff and Professor C. H. Hitchcock. 



The scientific sessions began Tuesday, June 30, 

 at ten o'clock and, with an intermission for dinner, 

 continued till 4:30 P.M. Mr. Bailey Willis, vice- 

 president, called the meeting to order. In the 

 absence of the sectional secretary. Dr. F. P. Gul- 

 liver, who was imfortunately too ill to attend. 

 Professor J. E. Wolff consented to serve as secre- 

 tary. After the opening of the afternoon session, 

 Professor C. H. Hitchcock took the chair at the 

 request of Mr. Willis and presided to the close 

 of the session. The following papers were pre- 

 sented and discussed: 



Local Geology of Hanover, N. H.: C. H. Hitch- 

 cock. 



Professor Hitchcock after referring to his early 

 work as state geologist and its continuation dur- 

 ing forty years, described a large relief map of 

 New Hampshire which he had prepared and from 

 time to time brought up to date as geological 

 investigations progressed. It is now colored to 

 represent the state of knowledge in 1908. The 

 accumulated collections and their arrangement in 

 the Butterfield Museum of Dartmouth College 

 were described, and attention was called to the 

 device of connecting each specimen by an iden- 

 tical number with its locality shown in one of the 

 eighteen sections, which had been prepared on a 

 large scale to illustrate the relations of the rocks. 

 Professor Hitchcock then stated in some detail 

 ^ This article is a chapter of a report to be 

 published on the geology of Lewis County, based 

 on three seasons of field work. 



the known and probable relations of the various 

 igneous aiid metamorphie rooks of the Hanover 

 quadrangle and showed a preliminary draft of a 

 geologic map of that area. The strata being, so 

 far as known, unfossiliferous, their age is in- 

 ferred from comparison with related fossiliferous 

 sections, which indicate that Cambrian, Ordo- 

 vician and Silurian rocks may be present in the 

 geosyncline that lies east of the Pre-Cambrian 

 axis of the Green Mountains and extends into the 

 western half of the Hanover quadrangle. The 

 eastern half is a complex of intrusive and meta- 

 morphie rocks, on the western margin of a large 

 area related to the zone of intrusions which tra- 

 verses the middle of New Hampshire and cul- 

 minates in the White Mountains. Passing on to 

 the subject of glacial geology, the speaker de- 

 scribed two sets of strise, the one ranging south 

 10° west down the Connecticut Valley, the other 

 southeast. Evidence that local glaciers occupied 

 the valleys tributary to the Connecticut after the 

 disappearance of the general ice sheet was briefly 

 presented, and incidentally a map of Connecticut 

 on a scale of 400 feet to the inch, prepared by 

 the students of Dartmouth, was exhibited. 



In discussion Mr. Willis stated that wide areas 

 of schists and gneiss of New England, which were 

 formerly considered to be Archean, are now gen- 

 erally classed as Paleozoic sediments and intru- 

 sives. These do not include the axis of the Green 

 Mountains, which Professors Hitchcock and Wolff 

 had described as Archean, but they cover all the 

 province east of that range in Vermont, New 

 Hampshire and Maine. 

 Recent Explorations in Mammoth Cave, with a 



Revised Map of the Cave: Hobace C. Hovet. 



Mr. Hovey stated that, of late, explorations in 

 the unfrequented parts of Mammoth Cave have 

 been pushed by several visitors, especially Messrs. 

 Parrish and Einbigler, aided by the local guides. 

 The results were laid before the author of this 

 paper, who verified them by a personal visit in 

 1907 ; finding the newly discovered domes more 

 grand than any previously known. These addi- 

 tions, and a number of minor corrections, had led 

 him to prepare a new guide map, with an index 

 and table of approximate distances, which he had 

 now published and exhibited in connection vnth 

 this paper. Dr. Hovey courteously presented 

 copies of the new map of Mammoth Cave to those 

 present at the meeting of the section. 

 The Warm Stratum existing at a Great Height 



in the Atmosphere: A. La whence Rotch. 



Ill 1901 it was discovered in Europe, by the use 



