June 25, 1909] 



SCIENCE 



989 



most of all, will, when the plan is thoroughly 

 worked out, give to each student a thorough 

 training that will enable him to take a high 

 position in his profession, and thus give addi- 

 tional reputation for the school. 



5. It will be observed that in all these 

 changes there was but one object in view, to 

 improve the educational standards and meth- 

 ods, bringing them as near as our resources 

 would permit for the standards and methods 

 prevailing in the best institutions. We 

 would not claim to have attained all we hope 

 to attain. This is not the fault of the plans 

 but because of the lack of funds to completely 

 carry out the plans in all particulars. The 

 advances made, however, are gTeat and the 

 advantages to the students and the univer- 

 sity are manifest. It would be a matter of 

 profound regret to have these new develop- 

 ments abandoned. Washington needs pro- 

 fessional schools of the highest type and 

 should have them. 



The nest change made was to segregate the 

 work done in engineering and architecture 

 from the liberal arts college. The CoUege of 

 Engineering, the division of architecture, 

 were established. This involved some in- 

 crease in the expenses, but it has added a fine 

 body of over 200 students to the university, 

 thus increasing the income from students' fees. 

 Additional work was provided in purely tech- 

 nical courses, and through the generous gifts 

 of apparatus by friends, a good laboratory 

 in electrical engineering was created, and 

 a beginning made in a mechanical labora- 

 tory. In establishing the College of Engi- 

 neering it was not intended to make a com- 

 plete polytechnic school, but simply to put in 

 technical courses and allow the students to 

 take about half of their work in the liberal 

 arts college. 



The moving cause for this change was to 

 give the young men of Washington an oppor- 

 tunity within their means to prepare them- 

 selves for skilled service in the great profes- 

 sions of engineering and architecture. Wash- 

 ington, with few industrial or commercial 

 openings, offers few opportunities for high 

 grade skilled employment to the rising genera- 



tion. Without university training in these 

 lines, young men stand little chance of suc- 

 ceeding in the states, where the great state 

 universities and privately endowed institu- 

 tions are training thousands of young men in 

 these lines. That the situation demanded the 

 establishment of these schools is demonstrated 

 by the large body of students from this city 

 who are taking the courses. 



7. In the act of congress providing for the 

 organization and a salary scheme for the 

 teachers in the public schools of the District 

 of Columbia it was provided that new ap- 

 pointees to certain positions in the high 

 schools should have a college education, in- 

 cluding the subjects of psychology and peda- 

 gogy. These requirements shut the doors of 

 these positions to young people in the district 

 who are financially unable to go to colleges 

 outside of the district. This prompted us to 

 put in the division of education. In this 

 division, we have a professor of psychology, a 

 professor of education, and two lecturers upon 

 school administration. It is not claimed that 

 this is a rounded teachers' college, but it does 

 give, by very competent teachers, the courses 

 required by the act of congress, which, taken 

 in connection with the course for the bachelor 

 of arts degree in the College of Liberal Arts 

 enables the graduate and holder of a teacher's 

 diploma to secure the highest positions in the 

 public school system. These technical 

 courses are substantially taken care of by the 

 tuition fees of the students taking the courses. 

 These fees do not cover the whole expense of 

 the education of the student, for the great 

 body of the work is taken in the College of 

 Liberal Arts. We assumed that if the tuitions 

 would meet the expense of the technical work, 

 we should add to the numbers taking the 

 liberal arts course, meet a pressing demand 

 and serve our city in advanced education of 

 teachers for the public schools. 



8. The College of the Political Sciences is 

 the outgrovrth of the old school of jurispru- 

 dence and diplomacy. Every scholar in this 

 field recognizes that there are peculiar advan- 

 tages for carrying on this work in the city of 

 Washington and that the effect upon students 



