254 muhlenb-erg's observations on the 



early. Cups upon footstalks half an inch long, not 

 scaly. The wood of this species is very durable.* 



C. Red oaks, or such as have long, white, smooth 

 and broad streaks in the bark, and deeply sinuated 

 leaves, the points of which are terminated by 

 bristles. To this division I refer : 



7. Shiercus rubra maxima Marsh. — CK latifolia 

 Hort. Kew. It is known here by the name of the- 

 broad leaved Spanish Oak, and may easily be dis- 

 tinguished by its short shallow cups, and- large 

 acorns. + 



* <?>uercus Pr'tnus : foliis ovato-elliptieis obtusis subtus pubescentibus 

 grosse dentatis, dentibus subasqualibus dilatatis apice callosis. 



In autumn the leaves turn smooth on their lower surface. W. 



^Pri/ius: foliis oblongo-ovalibus acuminatis acutisve subuniformitefc 

 dentatis deciduis; cupula craterata subsquamosa ; glande ovata. Mi- 

 chaux. T. 



f It is difficult to mark out by distinct characters the species of North 

 American Red Oaks, unless such be taken from the fize of the leaves 

 and fruit, the depth of the incisions, and the different angles of the 

 leaves. But magnitude being a relative quality, ought not to be adr 

 mitted as a character, except when the proportion of one part to the 

 other be expressed at the same time. The oaks mentioned above under 

 No. 7, 8, 9, and 11, only differ with regard to the size of their leaves 

 and fruit, which may, however, be subject to change. I know from 

 experience, that the obtuse and acute angles of the leaves as well as the 

 depth of their incisions are very liable to variation; and therefore do 

 not venture to establish the oaks described under the above-mentioned 

 numbers as distinct species, particularly as they all agree in the following 

 characters; 



