642 (42) Musci. (mosses.) 



Acrocarpi ; stems firm from a suberect rhizoma (hence foraiing more compact 

 tufts), almost woody, triangular, dark purple, shining ; leayes rigid and coria- 

 ceous, linear-lanceolate, below sheathing, above spreading, and mostly occupied 

 by the broad lamelhgerous costa. (Name fi-om ttoXvs, many, and dpi^, rpixos, 

 a hair; from the hairy covering of the calyptra.) 



1. P. cominune, Linn. Stems erect, mostly simple ; leaves spreading 

 or recurved, flat, serrate on the margins and back ; the lamellae somewhat 2-cleft 

 at their margins ; capsule oblong, 4-sided, the angles acute ; operculum shortly 

 rostrate from a convex base. — Shady moist places j common. — Plant 6' -12' 

 high. (Tab. HE.) (En.) 



2. P. formosimi, Hedw. DifiFers from the preceding by its longer and 

 slightly cm-ved capsule with obtuse angles, a smaller obconic apophysis tapeiing 

 into the pedicel, and the conical operculum. — Woods, around the base of ti-ees, 

 &c. (Eu.) 



3. P. g:racUe, Menzies. Usually somewhat smaller than No. 1 or 2; 

 capsule ovate, 4-6-sided, obtuse-angled; operculum long-rostrate; the hairy 

 covering of the calyptra shorter than the capsule ; spores larger ; basal mem- 

 brane of the peristome not emergent. — Boggy places, Ipswich, Massachusetts, 

 Oahes. (Eu.) 



4. P. janipei'mmn, Hedw. Stem simple or divided; leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, awn-pointed, denticulate on the back, the margins inflexed, entire ; 

 capsule and operculum as in No. 1. — Var. sxkicxtjm. Stems elongated, slen- 

 der; leaves appressed; capsule cubical. — Margins of woods, in exposed places, 

 &c. — Plant 4' - 7' high ; the variety subalpine. (Eu. ) 



5. P. pilifernin, Schreb. Stems simple; leaves clustered at the sum- 

 mit, lanceolate, the margins inflexed, entire ; costa excun-ent into a long diaph- 

 anous and spinulose awn; capsule ovate-oblong, 4-sided; operculimi conical, 

 rosti-ate. — Eocky places, in mountainous districts. — Plant 2' -4' high. (Eu.) 



Tklbe XIX. BRYE^. 



46. TIMMIA, Hedw. (Tab. HI.) 



Calyptra large, cucullifonn. Operculum hemispherical, papillate or with a 

 central depression. Capsule oblong, subppiform, erect-cernuous, broadly an- 

 nulate, long-pedicellate. Peristome double; the exterior of 16 lanceolate ge- 

 niculate-incmwed teeth ; the interior, a membrane divided half-way into 64 cilia 

 coherent in fom"s at their apices. Inflorescence monoecious : male flower gemmi- 

 form, axillary. — Partaking more or less of the characters of Mnium, Aulacom- 

 nion, and Polytrichimi ; stems C£espitose, ascending from a decumbent radicu- 

 lose base, innovating sparingly above ; leaves of a finn and rather rigid texture, 

 sheathing at the base, elongated-lanceolate, spreading, strongly dentate, with a 

 stout and terete percuiTcnt costa ; areolae rotund above, elongated-hexagonal 

 below. (Named after J. C. Timm, a Gennan botanist.) 



1. T. meg^apolitana, Hedw. — The calyptra is often arrested in its 

 growth, and found attached to the pedicel, having given egress to the capsule by 



