HEPATIC^, (liverworts.) (97) 697 



Mountains, New Hampshire, Oakes. — A small species, growing in compact 

 masses, of a whitish or silvery hue. (Eu.) 



* * Leaves incubous ; the apex of each leaf lying on the base of the next. 



29. FRUIiLrAlVIA, Eaddi. (Tab. VHI.) 



Fructification terminal on proper branches. Involucral leaves 2 or 4, two- 

 lobed, not auriculate. Perianth oval or obovatc, terete or 3-4-angled, mucro- 

 nate at the apex by a tubular mouth. PistiLlidia 2 or 4. Calyptra pear-shaped, 

 persistent, rupturing below the apex. Capsule globular, 4-clcft half-way down. 

 Elaters truncate at both ends, with one spiral fibre, adherent to the valves, erect. 

 Spores large, irregular, minutely muricate. Inflorescence dioecious. Anthe- 

 ridia in the saccate base of closely imbricated 2-lobed perigonial leaves. Stem- 

 leaves 2-lobed; the lower lobe usually an inflated helmet-shaped appendage (au- 

 ricle). Amphigastria entire or 2-toothed, throwing out rootlets from their base. 

 (A personal name.) 



1. F. Gray ana, Montague. Stems creeping, simply pinnate; leaves 

 nearly orbicular, concave, decurved, marked in the middle by a necklace-form 

 line ; auricle oblong-club-shaped, emarginate at the lower end ; involucral leaves 

 unequally 2-cleft ; the dorsal segment oblong, pointed, nearly entire, the ventral 

 awl-shaped ; amphigastria oblong, flat, 2-cleft, the sinus obtuse ; perianth pear- 

 shaped, 3-sided, obtusely keeled beneath. — On trees and rocks ; frequent. — Fo- 

 liage glossy, varying from deep purplish-brovm to dark green. (Tab. Vm.) 



2. F. TamariSCi) Nees. Near No. 1 ; distinguished by its more rigid 

 habit ; bipinnate ramification ; serrulate involucral leaves ; and differently shaped 

 amphigastria with revolute margins. — A variety only of this species is attributed 

 to this country, with obtuse leaves, expanded auricles, and plane amphigastria. 

 {G.L.Sr N. Syn. Hepat.) (Eu.) 



3. F. Drummondii, Tayl. Stems sparingly branched ; leaves reddish, 

 lax, patent, oblong, obtuse; auricles decurved; amphigastria minute, oblong, 

 bifid; perianth ovate from a narrow base, retuse at the apex. — Bark of trees, 

 Louisiana. — A small species. 



4. F. Caroliniana, Sulliv. Stem6"-12"long, rather wide, irregularly 

 branched ; leaves closely imbricating, oval-rotund ; auricle small, elongated, dis- 

 tant from the stem, with a style interposed ; amphigastria ovate-rotund, double 

 the width of the stem, bifid, its segments repand ; perianth pyriform, piano 

 above, obtusely carinate beneath. — Trees, North Carolina, near the coast. 



5. F. HutclliiiSiaB, Nees. Stems (l'-2' long, about 1" broad) subpin- 

 nately branched ; leaves dark olive-green verging on black, ovate, acute, den- 

 tate-serrate ; amphigastria roundish, plane, bifid, subserrate, perianth oblong-obo- 

 vate, plane above, keeled beneath. — On stones, in mountain rivulets of the 

 Southern States. (Eu.) 



6. F. Tirginica, Lehm. Stems creeping, vaguely branched; leaves 

 nearly ovate, entire, concave, the auricle sometimes expanded into a lanceolate 

 lamina ; amphigastria round-ovate, double the width of the stem, 2-cleft ; peri- 

 anth pear-shaped, rather compressed, tuberculate> 4-keeled beneath, 2-4-keeled 



59 



