SCIENCE 



JUL. 81 1918 ' 

 1 



Friday, July 21, 1916 



CONTENTS 

 The Nature, Manner of Conveyance and Means 

 of Prevention of Infantile Paralysis: Dr. 

 Simon Flexner 73 



The Basis of Individuality in Organisms — a 

 Defense of Vitalism : Professor H. V. Neal. 82 



Gustav Schwalbe: Dr. Henry Fairfield Os- 



BORN 97 



The Sural Roadsides in New York State .... 97 



The New York Meeting of the American 

 Chemical Society 98 



Scientific Notes and News 98 



University and Educational News 101 



Discussion and Correspondence : — 



Bees and Mendelism: Professor William 

 E. Castle. A Moraine in Northwestern 

 New England: Frank J. Katz. Neptu- 

 nium : J. F. Couch 101 



Scientific Books: — 



Dodge and Benedict on the Psychological 

 Effects of Alcohol: Professor W. H. E. 

 Rivers. Pearce on Typical Flies: Dr. 

 Charles H. T. Townsend 102 



Special Articles: — 

 The Study of Respiration by the Detection 

 of Exceedingly Minute Quantities of Carbon 

 Dioxide : A. R. Haas 105 



MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended for 

 review shonld be asnt to Professor J. MoKeen Cattell, Garxison- 

 On-Had»on. N. T. 



THE NATURE, MANNER OF CONVEY- 

 ANCE AND MEANS OF PREVENTION 

 OF INFANTILE PARALYSIS 1 



The Rockefeller Institute for Medical 

 Research has been appealed to by so many 

 physicians and laymen for information and 

 advice on the subject of infantile paral- 

 ysis, that it has seemed desirable to relate 

 the facts of present knowledge concerning 

 certain highly pertinent aspects of the dis- 

 ease, together with deductions of practical 

 importance derived from them. 



Nature 

 Infantile paralysis is an infectious and 

 communicable disease which is caused by 

 the invasion of the central nervous organs 

 — the spinal cord and brain — of a minute, 

 filterable microorganism which has now 

 been secured in artificial culture and as 

 such is distinctly visible under the higher 

 powers of the microscope. 



Location of the Microorganism or Virus in the Sick 

 The virus of infantile paralysis, as the 

 microorganism causing it is termed, exists 

 constantly in the central nervous organs 

 and upon the mucous membrane of the 

 nose and throat and of the intestines in per- 

 sons suffering from the disease; it occurs 

 less frequently in the other internal organs, 

 and it has not been detected in the general 

 circulating blood of patients. 



Location of the Virus in Healthy Persons 

 Although the microorganism of infantile 

 paralysis is now known, the difficulties at- 

 tending its artificial cultivation and iden- 

 tification under the microscope are such as 



i Substance of an address before New York 

 Academy of Medicine, July 13, 1916. 



