A CORNER OF OLD WURTTEMBERG 
diana, does all the work which follows 
the terreiro stage, viz., that of the ven- 
tilators, the huller, the separators, and 
the catador. ‘This machine, which was 
invented by a Brazilian, has thus far 
given perfect satisfaction, and it occupies 
but a small portion of the space which 
was formerly taken up by the six ma- 
chines which it has replaced. 
READY FOR SHIPMENT 
The coffee beans—hulled, cleaned, and 
sorted—fall directly from the last ma- 
chine into the bags. When these contain 
132 pounds each they are sewed up and 
are ready for shipment to market. 
Along the roads, deep in red dust, six 
or eight yoke of oxen draw the heavy 
wagons, loaded with the precious sacks, 
to the nearest railroad station, in cases 
where the railroad does not come directly 
into the fazenda, as it often does. 
Off to the south go the trains, first to 
the city of Sao Paulo, and then down the 
steep eastern slopes of the Serra do Mar 
931 
to the world’s famous coffee port. In 
Santos, coffee absolutely dominates the 
lives of the people. Coffee is every- 
where—on the streets, in the warehouses, 
on the train. Every one is busy with 
coffee. The docks are lined with two or 
three miles of steamers, often lying two 
abreast, all waiting to load coffee—a 
wonderful sight—steamers flying the 
British flag, and the German flag, and 
the French flag, and the Brazilian flag— 
steamers flying almost every known flag 
except our own glorious Stars and 
Stripes. Here in Santos, in the big ware- 
houses lighted from above, the coffee 
dealers carefully blend and repack the 
precious berries. Here the holds of the 
waiting steamers are filled almost to the 
bursting point with the well-known flat 
bags of coffee. Here the traveler sees 
the last step in the progress of the coffee 
berry, from the time it ripens on the tree 
until it leaves Brazilian soil, to furnish 
some breakfast table in a far-off land 
with the favorite morning beverage of 
the civilized world. 
A CORNER OF OLD WURTTEMBERG 
By By A Buxron 
With Photos by the Author 
ERMANY in the middle ages 
(SG was a part of the Holy Roman 
Empire, at the head of which 
was the Emperor, and under him a host 
of petty princes, dukes, and counts more 
or less independent. As the power of 
the Emperor waned that of the petty 
rulers waxed until they became quite in- 
dependent, ruling their little states auto- 
cratically. By degrees the more power- 
ful among them increased the area of 
their domains at the expense of the less 
powerful, so that at the present day 
under the newly constituted German 
Empire there are only five states of any 
importance and not more than about 15 
unimportant ones. 
North Germany consists practically of 
the giant Prussia, with the small king- 
dom of Saxony and a scattering of the 
insignificant states, while South Germany 
is made up of the kingdom of Bavaria 
on the east, the Grand Duchy of Baden 
on the west, with the kingdom of Wurt- 
temberg between them. 
Wurttemberg is a fairly compact little 
state, except for a small wedge of Prus- 
sian territory entering from the south. 
The history of Wiirttemberg is that of 
the more aggressive German states. The 
counts of Wtrttemberg are first heard of 
in the twelfth century, holding a castle 
on what is now the Rothenberg (Red- 
hill), in the neighborhood of Stuttgart, 
