A CORNER OF OLD WURTTEMBERG 937 
fone) lhe ine = signifies; “som of, or 
“family,” and we have the Basings, or 
Bas family; the Hardings, or the Hard 
family; the Heckings, or the Heck fam- 
ily, and so on. 
The “ingens” are found scattered very 
thinly throughout Germany, except just 
in Wurttemberg, and parts of Baden, 
Bavaria, and Switzerland, bordering on 
Wiurttemberg, and it is probable that the 
Anglo-Saxons who invaded England 
and the Alamans who migrated up the 
Neckar were of the same stock. Not 
only do the place-names have the com- 
mon ending in “ing,” but the family 
names are also very frequently exactly 
alike; too frequently, indeed, to make it 
seem probable that the resemblance is 
purely accidental. 
Thus the family of the Basings appear 
to have been very widely distributed, and 
is represented in England by Basing, 
Basingstoke, Bessingham, etc., and in the 
South German “ingen” district by Bai- 
singen, Bosingen (locally pronounced 
Baisingen), Bessingen, etc., though per- 
haps the Basings and the Bessings were 
distinct families. Again, we find in Eng- 
land, Effingham; and, near Stuttgart, 
Oefingen, which in an old map of 1608 
is written Effing. 
If we take the county of Norfolk, in 
England, in which there are a large num- 
ber of “ings” and “inghams,” we can 
compare some of the names with those 
in the “ingen’”’ district. 
Norfolk. “Ingen” District. 
Mettingham Mettingen 
Hasingham Hasingen 
Wendling Wendlingen (3 times) 
Heckling and Heck- Hecklingen 
lingham 
Wellingham Wellingen 
and many others equally comparable. 
Canon Taylor, in a little book called 
“Words and Places,” has attempted to 
homologize the “inghams” of England 
with the “ingens” of South Germany by 
supposing that the “ingen” 1s a corrup- 
tion of “ingham”; but in the earliest 
documents of the eighth century the 
“ingens” are called “inga,” or “inger,” 
which is less like “ingham” than the 
modern “ingen,” while in a map of 1608 
most of the “ingens” are written as “ing” 
simply, although this may have been an 
abbreviation to economize space. It is, 
at any rate, more probable that the 
“inga’”’ or “ingen” is the genitive or the 
dative of the “ing,” so that Baisingen, 
for instance, means ‘settlement of,” or 
“at the Basings,” and is the homologue 
of the English Basing. In England, 
Bessingham certainly means home of the 
Basings, or Bessings, and Basingstoke 
means inclosure of the Basings (stoke—= 
inclosure) ; and again, Basington is the 
house of the Basings. 
With regard to the “heims,” they ap- 
pear to have been founded by another 
branch of the Franks, since they are only 
thinly scattered in the ‘“‘ingen’’ district, 
but occupy a territory exclusively their 
own in Alsace, on the left bank of the 
Rhine, between the Black Forest and the 
Vosges Mountains. 
The race of Franks which founded 
the “heims” does not appear to have had 
family names ending in “ing,” as we find 
no “ingheims,” but such places as Knor- 
sheim, Shaffersheim, Sigolsheim—i. e., 
home of Knor, Shaffer, Sigol—or else 
Quartzenheim, Bolzenheim, Witternheim ; 
(ce me OmMenOL On aration Ouaiizes: 
Bolzes, Witters. There are, however, a 
few, but very few, “igheims,” as Besig- 
heim, Hurtigheim, which were probably 
originally “ingheims.” 
Besides the “ingens” and the “heims,” 
there are a number of places ending in 
mvc erraieletmmmawetlemimr svallen cncards 
Rottweil, Bodersweier, Gebweiler, Neb- 
viller, which are found edging the for- 
ests and mountains of the Black Forest 
and Vosges. The “weil,” or “weiler,” 
was a single habitation, not the settle- 
ment of a family group, the broken 
ground where the “weilers” occur not 
having been sufficiently cultivated at the 
time of settlement to support more than 
a single couple in each open spot. The 
“weilers’ were probably of later date 
than the “ingens” and the “heims.” 
The accompanying map shows the 
distribution of these three place-name 
endings in parts of Wurttemberg, Baden, 
