SCIENCE 
eee 
Frmway, JANUARY 12, 1912 
CONTENTS 
The American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Science :— 
Aerial Engineering: PRoressor A. Law- 
REN OM MOL CHalweedenietp ace neler) stetetehsictelToiar-icle 41 
The Independence of the Culture of the 
American Indian: PROFESSOR ROLAND B. 
IDOCONT EW Goes acacia o bp oeds oO col ced lene 46 
The Percentage of Women Teachers in State 
Colleges and Universities: PROFESSOR C. 
IE EDA NDS CHING ateyaietaici stele) sleleisteicere shee ens 55 
Scientific Notes and News ................ 57 
University and Educational News .......... 60 
Discussion and Correspondence :— 
What is Biolegy and What is a Biological 
Survey? PROFESSOR FRANCIS RAMALEY. 
Physical Laboratory Instruction: CHESTER 
A. Burman. The Meetings of Affiliated 
Societies: PRorEssor A. M. REESE ...... 60 
Quotations :— 
The British Insurance Act .............. 62 
Scientific Books :— 
Ross’s The Changing Chinese, Oriental and 
Western Cultures in China: PROFESSOR 
LESTER F. Warp. Herrick on the Natural 
History of the American Lobster: Dr. 
PuHin. B. HapuEy. King’s Farmers of 
Forty Centuries: Proressor T. C. CHAM- 
BIORIAUNG icy hie ret ovarcheveccte chen hevetniensiecetecrte reteset nse 64 
Scientific Journals and Articles ............ 13 
Wheat Rusts and Sun Spots: Proressor C. 
SURG A GIR CPC ai ay corset ti luwefeb ai ods cele dees cial 74 
Special Articles :— 
Tier-like Arrangement of the Elements of 
Certain Woods: SamurL J. Recorp. A 
Sclerotinia on Apple: J. B. DEMAREE ....:. 15 
The American Society of Naturalists: Dr. 
CHARLES R. STOCKARD .................- 78 
The Washington Meeting of the American 
Chemical Society: PRoressor C. L. PARSONS 79 
The American Phytopathological Society: Dr. 
C. L. SHEAR 
MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended tor 
review should be sent to the Editor of SciENcE, Garrison-on~ 
Hudson, N, Y, 
THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE 
ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE 
AERIAL ENGINEERING? 
THE attention of the section was directed 
to aeronautics as long ago as 1886, when 
my distinguished predecessor, Octave 
Chanute, in his address at Buffalo, men- 
tioned the possibilities of aerial navigation, 
a subject which entirely absorbed his later 
years and which he lived to see completely 
realized. Again in 1904, Professor C. M. 
Woodward devoted a portion of his vice- 
presidential address at Philadelphia to a 
consideration of the navigation of the air, 
which at that time had been accomplished 
with dirigible balloons. Papers on aero- 
nautical subjects, or relating thereto, have 
been presented in increasing numbers to 
the section, reaching a maximum of eleven 
in 1909. Last year, the writer, as chair- 
man of the section, made a special effort to 
secure such papers through a preliminary 
circular, thus worded: 
The rapid advance in the navigation of the air 
during the past year has attracted serious atten- 
tion to scientific aeronautics. The construction of 
dirigible balloons and flying machines is essen- 
tially a mechanical problem and as such merits 
consideration by this section, especially since no 
engineering society has yet taken this action. 
Accordingly papers are invited relating to aero- 
dynamics and other branches of aeronautics and 
also discussing possible courses of instruction in 
colleges and technical schools. 
As a result ten papers were presented 
and an aeronautical curriculum was for 
the first time discussed here. 
The subject of this address, ‘‘ Aerial 
1 Address of the vice-president and chairman of 
Section D—Mechanical Science and Engineering. 
Washington, 1911. 
