FEBRUARY 2, 1912] 
To conclude, in the chapter on the Relation 
of the Crustacea to Man we miss any ade- 
quate account of the valuable lobster fisheries 
of the old and new worlds, or of the laborious 
experiments which have been made to rear the 
young of this much-prized crustacean, and 
which in America have finally led to success. 
Francis H. Herrick 
WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY 
Qualitative Chemical Anaysis. A Laboratory 
Guide. By W. W. Scott, A.M., chief chem- 
ist, Baldwin Locomotive works, formerly 
Professor of Chemistry, Morningside Col- 
lege, New York. D. Van Nostrand Co. 
1910. $1.50 net. 
A Course in Qualitative Chemical Analysis. 
By Cartes BAskervinte, Ph.D., F.O.S., 
Professor in the Department of Chemistry 
of the College of the City of New York, and 
L. J. Currmay, Ph.D., Instructor in the 
Department of Chemistry of the College of 
the City of New York. The Macmillan Co. 
$1.40 net. 
We have in these two books further addi- 
tions to our already long list of works on 
qualitative analysis. 
The first contains a discussion of the ionic 
hypothesis, the mass law and other physical 
chemical principles with their applications to 
qualitative analysis, followed by a systematic 
study of the detection and separation of bases 
and acids, methods of analyzing an unknown 
substance and tables containing special data. 
The best methods of separation have been se- 
lected and a very valuable addition made in 
the form of notes on each group. In these 
notes the reasons for the various reactions 
used and the precautions recommended are 
discussed, thus enabling the student to work 
intelligently and not, as is so often the case, 
merely mechanically. This book can be 
recommended as an excellent laboratory guide 
to qualitative analysis, especially if the prin- 
ciples discussed in the theoretical part are 
applied to the reactions studied. 
In the second work special emphasis is 
placed on the quantitative discrimination of 
the substances detected by qualitative meth- 
SCIENCE 
189 
ods of analysis as a preparation for quantita- 
tive analysis. In selecting methods of analysis 
those have been preferably chosen which they 
think can be most readily used by the stu- 
dent; especially if they give rise to precipita- 
tion tests which will enable the student to ap- 
proximate the amounts present. As in the 
other work, explanatory notes have been intro- 
duced. 
An objection the reviewer would make to 
this book is the almost complete absence of 
any applications of the present theories of so- 
lution and the mass law to the reactions of 
qualitative analysis. Although the statement 
is made in the preface that these matters are 
usually presented in lectures in general chem- 
istry and may be taken up in lectures on 
qualitative analysis, they do not apply these 
in this book; but retain the molecular reac- 
tions and the theory of the formation of com- 
plex compounds in place of the methods which 
are now so generally taught. 
Vo I3, Ce 
SPECIAL ARTICLES 
CHANGES IN CHEMICAL ENERGY DURING THE 
DEVELOPMENT OF FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS 
ALTHOUGH at present it is hardly possible to 
do more than give a brief report of progress, 
nevertheless, the results which have been ob- 
tained from the calorimetric study of the begin- 
ning and end stages in the development of 
Fundulus heteroclitus harmonize so com- 
pletely with the results gotten by Tangl and 
Farkas in the case of the chick and silkworm, 
respectively, that a brief account of the work 
appears warrantable at this time. 
Omitting many details of technique, the 
methods employed in this study were as fol- 
lows: The eggs of Fundulus, immediately 
after artificial fertilization, and the larve im- 
mediately after hatching, were dried at 40° C. 
This portion of the work was carried on at the 
Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, 
to whose director, Professor Frank R. Lillie, I 
am indebted for the use of a room. ‘The ma- 
terial, which had been previously carefully 
counted, was then preserved in the dry state 
in ordinary phials until used for the chemical 
