FEBRUARY 9, 1912] 
The Effects of Subdural Injections of Leucocytes 
on the Development and Course of Experimental 
Tuberculous Meningitis: WitFRED H. Man- 
WARING. 
The injection of suspensions of tubercle bacilli 
into the basal meninges of dogs causes a tubercu- 
lous meningitis, characterized by a latent or incu- 
bation period of from five to thirty days, depend- 
ing on the dosage and virulence of the culture 
injected, followed by a period of increasing par- 
alysis and incoordination, ending almost invariably 
in death. 
The injection of homologous leucocytes into the 
basal meninges of these animals, during the latent 
or incubation period of the disease, has the uni- 
form effect of delaying the development of the 
paralytic symptoms. In dogs injected with small 
doses of tubercle bacilli of low virulence, the de- 
velopment of the paralytic symptoms has been 
prevented by this means for a period of seven 
months (up to the present time), while the un- 
treated control animals, injected with the same 
doses, have all developed paralyses within a period 
of about four weeks, from which half of the un- 
treated dogs have thus far died. 
In press, Journal of Experimental Medicine, 
1912. 
Simple Methods in the Bacteriological Diagnosis 
of Cholera: CHARLES KRUMWIEDE. 
Two points were kept in view, viz., the possi- 
bility of examining enormous numbers of cases 
with the minimum of equipment and the rapid 
preparation of media for immediate use in 
emergency. 
In general, no medium is necessary but peptone 
water. If the feces contain a sufficient number 
of cholera vibrios, the peptone cultures after eight 
to twelve hours have practically a pure culture at 
their surface. If a drop of this and immune 
serum be mixed, the microscopic agglutination is 
so prompt and evident as to be diagnostic. 
In examining carriers or mild cases the first 
peptone tubes may show little or nothing. If, 
however, some of the surface growth be subinocu- 
lated in a second series of peptone tubes and 
incubated, the surface growth becomes sufficiently 
pure for testing the agglutinability of the vibrios. 
In four instances we have been unable to make 
a diagnosis till the end of the second enrichment. 
Vibrios other than cholera can be excluded by 
their inability to enrich or by the absence of any 
influence of the agglutinating serum. Where they 
are few in number, as for instance in the first 
SCIENCE 
239 
enrichment, a tentative diagnosis can be made by 
the influence of the serum on their motility. The 
motility of cholera and the very closely allied 
vibrios is so marked as to be evident even in 
mixed cultures. 
We were able by this method to diagnose two 
carriers among the passengers of one ship, 50 per 
cent. of whom had cholera-like vibrios in their 
stools. The results were all verified by the use 
of the Dieudonne medium. 
A Simple Selective Mediwm.—We have tried to 
avoid the use of defibrinated blood, which is not 
always obtainable in emergency. The following 
formula, substituting eggs, gives equally favorable 
results: 
A. Whole egg and water a.a. 
Sodium carbonate (crystalline, }parts, steam 
12 to 133 per cent.) for 20 min. 
B. Meat free agar, viz., peptone, salt and 3 per 
cent. agar. 
Mix in equal 
Mix A, 30 parts, and B, 70 parts, while the agar 
is boiling hot. Pour medium to thick plates, allow 
them to stand open for 20 minutes to dry and 
then inoculate by surface streaking. 
Should other fecal bacteria grow, the cholera 
colonies can easily be selected. The latter have a 
distinctive hazy outline and appear to be deep in 
the agar. With longer incubation a zone of clear- 
ing appears about the colonies. 
Studies on Etiology of Equine Influenza: N. 8. 
FERRY. 
A Streptococcus, presumably the organism de- 
scribed by Schiiltz and others, has been cultivated 
uncontaminated from the trachea in the early 
stages of nearly every case of acute influenza 
studied. 
An organism with the same characteristics has 
been isolated from the blood of thirty-four out of 
sixty-three cases. 
Symbiotic relationship with the Staphylococcus, 
in broth cultures, seems to favor the growth of this 
Streptococcus. 
This organism was able to pass many times 
through lBerkefeld filters, and a few times 
through Chamberland filters, showing that it is a 
very minute organism in some stage of its life 
eycle. 
The Bacillus equisepticus has not been seen in, 
nor isolated from, either the trachea or blood of 
a single case of influenza, therefore, Lingnieres’s 
findings have not been corroborated. 
We have not been able to find any points of 
difference between this organism and the Strepto- 
