MagrcH 1, 1912] 
of Bracon mellitor (Say), and others filled with 
the cocoons of this ichneumon, the parasite having 
been found in from one to two per cent. of the 
S. exitiosa cocoons examined. 
Particular stress was laid upon the fact that 
only black and white drawings of the insects were 
given in the various state and national bulletins 
which were distributed throughout the country for 
the instruction of the orchardist, and lantern slides 
were shown from the plates of Beutenmiiller in 
which there were at least 75 other examples of 
Sesia, which in black and white would readily be 
confused with this one by the laity. To be of any 
real value to the people all government bulletins 
dealing with insects should contain exact colored 
plates of the insect described in order to be intel- 
ligible to those not familiar with entomology. As 
an example, the owners and the foreman of the 
Mountainboro orchard did not know the S. exitiosa 
until they saw it emerge from the cocoon, although 
all of them had carefully read all the important 
government bulletins on the subject, particularly 
those of Slingerland, Marlatt and Starnes, and 
they had owned and cared for the orchard for 
more than ten years. As the moth flies only in 
mid-day, it was unquestionably often seen by them 
without being recognized. 
GzEorGE T. Moore, 
Corresponding Secretary 
THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
THE 455th regular meeting of the society was 
held October 24, in the new National Museum. 
The first paper read was by Mr. J. Mooney, on 
‘¢Jndian Survivals in the Carolinas.’’ 
He gave a brief account of his summer’s work 
with the eastern Cherokee on their reservation in 
the mountains of western North Carolina, and with 
some mixed-blood survivors, locally known as Cro- 
atan Indians, in the eastern part of the state. 
The Eastern Cherokee, numbering about 2,000, are 
descendants of those who fled to the mountains 
when the body of the tribe was removed to the 
Indian Territory in 1838. They still retain most 
of their aboriginal customs and beliefs, together 
with their language, although the larger tribal 
ceremonies are nearly obsolete. 
The Croatans, so-called from an attempt to iden- 
tify them with Raleigh’s lost colony of 1585, are 
centered chiefly in Robeson County, to the number 
of about 8,000 according to the last census, with 
bands in adjoining counties and in South Carolina, 
They appear to be descendants of the original 
native tribes of the same region, largely mixed 
SCIENCE 
300 
with alien blood, the Indian blood still predom- 
inative, although they have completely lost all 
knowledge of Indian customs, language or tribal 
names. They are intelligent and prosperous 
people, farmers and small tradesmen, fully up to 
the level of their white neighbors. They have 
official recognition from the state as Indians, with 
a separate school appropriation and support of a 
small paper called the Indian Observer devoted to 
their interests. 
Mr. Hodge gave an exhibition and talk on the 
speech and civilization of the seventeenth and 
eighteenth centuries in New Mexico. Dr. P. Radin 
spoke on ‘‘Some Archeological Problems of the 
Winnebagoes.’’ Dr. Hrdlitka suggested that the 
physical anthropology of the skulls found in the 
Wisconsin mounds should be taken into considera- 
tion by the speaker. 
THE 456th regular meeting of the society was 
held in the new National Museum, November 14. 
The speaker of the evening was Mr. W J McGee, 
on ‘‘Conditions Limiting the Growth of Popula- 
tion in United States.’’ His talk was an elabora- 
tion of his paper in SCIENCE (October 6, 1911, 
pp. 428-435). 
THE 457th regular meeting of the society was 
held in the new National Museum, January 16. 
The speaker was Dr. J. W. Fewkes, who lectured 
on the ‘‘ Western Neighbors of the Prehistoric 
Pueblos,’’ illustrating his remarks with lantern 
slides. The early Spanish discoverers, he said, 
designated the habitations of the sedentary In- 
dians of the southwest by several names, as 
pueblos, casas grandes, rancherias and trincheras, 
the word pueblo being especially assigned to a 
compact several-storied community house of ter- 
raced form represented most abundantly along the 
Rio Grande River. The large houses on the Gila 
they called casas grandes, and they gave the name 
yancherias to fragile-walled dwellings made of 
brush and clay supported by logs. Defensive walls 
were sometimes called trincheras. Hach of these 
names indicates distinct architectural types, al- 
though they were not used with accuracy. In late 
years it happens that all ruined buildings of the 
southwest, especially those independent of cliffs, 
are called pueblo ruins, the culture of the people 
that once inhabited them being designated the 
pueblo culture. It is well to preserve the term 
pueblo for the crowded-terraced many-storied 
buildings to which it was originally applied, and 
when this is done the distribution of the pueblo 
