80 
search and no teaching is engaged in. It is sup- 
ported by the Dominion Government, but as it is 
only very recently established, and is neither fully 
equipped nor staffed, its income is not yet fixed. 
The sum of $7,500 was granted for maintenance 
and additional equipment, and from this the sal- 
aries of secretary and engineer have to be paid. 
Salaries of the scientific staff are provided from a 
separate vote, so that the total income for the cur- 
rent fiscal year may be put at $13,000. 
2. The work of the observatory will be issued in 
the form of separate publications as completed. 
These will probably be printed at the Government 
Printing Bureau, and their cost will be charged 
against the maintenance appropriation. 
U. S. Naval Observatory, Washington, D. C. Ad- 
miral Thomas B. Howard; U. S. N., Superind- 
ent. 
1. Work of the observatory is entirely provided 
for by appropriations made by Congress. This 
covers observational data for and preparation of 
astronomical tables and other material and pub- 
lication of the American Ephemeris and Nautical 
Almanae, provision of a longitude station, distri- 
bution of correct time, the care of all navigation 
instruments for navy, coast guard and lighthouse 
service. Also, for 1918 the cost of special eclipse 
expedition. 
2. Publications of the U. S. Naval Observatory. 
Second Series, Vol. IX., now in press. WHarlier 
papers, 1845 to 1891, published in a series of vol- 
umes, mostly annual. 
Nautical Almanac Office publishes annually the 
American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac and 
the American Nautical Almanae and Astronomical 
Papers of the American Ephemeris, irregularly. 
Also an Annual Report. 
An Annual Report of the Naval Observatory is 
also published. ; 
Astrophysical Observatory, Smithsonian Institu- 
tion, Washington, D. C. Charles G. Abbot, Di- 
rector. 
1. The entire income of about $13,000 per annum 
is appropriated by annual acts of Congress, and is 
devoted wholly to research. 
Publications comprise: 
2. Annual Reports of the Director to the Secre- 
tary of the Smithsonian Institution printed in 
Smithsonian Report. 
Occasional papers by members of the staff gen- 
erally printed in Smithsonian Institution Miscel- 
laneous Collections. 
Annals, published by Act of Congress from time 
SCIENCE 
[N. S. Von. XLVIIT. No. 1230 
to time and printed by the Government Printing 
Office. Three quarto volumes have thus far ap- 
peared in 1900, 1908, 1913. 
Whitin Observatory, Wellesley College, Wellesley, 
Mass. John C. Duncan, Director. 
1. No fund for research as distinct from teach- 
ing. 
2. Papers by members of the staff published 
chiefly in Astrophysical Journal and Popular As- 
tronomy. 
Yerkes Observatory, University of Chicago, Wil- 
liams Bay, Wis. Edwin B. Frost, Director. 
1. Income ($34,000) applied principally to re- 
search but in part to teaching. Four fifths, as 
nearly as can be estimated, of the total income is 
expended in research. 
2. Publications: 
Publications of the Yerkes Observatory, quarto. 
Vols. I. and II. have appeared; Vol. IV., Part 1, is 
in type and will soon be issued. Parts 1 and 2 of 
Vol. III. will be sent out at the same time, without 
further waiting for the completion of the volume. 
The Astrophysical Journal, of which the director 
is managing editor, is employed as the medium of 
publication of the more important astrophysical 
work. Astrometriec and other observational work, 
classified under astronomy of position, is pub- 
lished chiefly in the Astronomical Journal, al- 
though some communications are sent to the 
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical So- 
ciety. Communications of a more popular interest 
are frequently sent to Popular Astronomy. 
The Student’s Observatory of the University of 
Chicago is organized as a part of the general de- 
partment of astronomy and has no separate ap- 
propriations. 
Hopkins Observatory, Field Memorial Observa- 
tory, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. 
Willis I. Milham, Director. 
1. No definite provision made for research. 
It will be observed from the data obtained 
that contrary to the impression which is gen- 
erally prevalent among the public the funds 
which are directly and statedly available for 
astronomical research are far from being large. 
Very few of the observatories are adequately 
endowed and most of them rely for their main- 
tenance upon regular grants from the univer- 
sities with which they are connected. While | 
in the ease of the greater institutions reason- 
able support is thus virtually guaranteed, with 
