SCIEN 
Frpay, August 9, 1918 
CONTENTS 
Some Energy Relations of Plants: Pro- 
FEsson Gores B. BRIGG ..... 22. cececenaes 
Scientific Events :— 
The Death of Thorild Wulff ; Retirement of 
Dean Edward H. Bradford of the Harvard 
Medical School; The Chemical Warfare Serv- 
ice; Training of College Students for Med- 
SPRL COYNE COL GECOE ava roe: ale's «5.010, «sh aisie' se s/¢> 182 
Scientific Notes and News ..........0..00005 
University and Educational News ........... 137 
Discussion and Correspondence :— 
Formative Setting of Laccolithic Mountains: 
CHARLES KEYES. 
Presence of Azotobacter: 
Soil Reaction and the 
P. L. Garey. 
of Specializing Physicists: 
MUON LE te PUTAMEN oieleia wiv sin bia’: «(ine in< 2y5.3)4 138 
Designation 
Scientific Books :— 
Roebuck on the Science and Practise of 
Photography: Proressor C, E. K, Megs.... 140 
The Proceedings of the National Academy of 
PENN ger AG Sisal AV rm ere sis Be ietar wicks ‘ne 141 
Special Articles :— 
Ternary Systems and the Behavior of Proto- 
plasm: Dr. Martin H. FiscHer, MARIAN 
PET CMSIC IT rt Sete a cnc ¢ Sind oc w'v'e'b we wisusle ofc 143 
Field Conference of Cereal Pathologists: CHas 
Ws HIONGEBFOED (Woo. f00Slisce ses eese ope 
MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended for 
review should be sent to The Editor of Science, Garrison-on- 
Hudson, N. Y. 
Aensonian Instizp 
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AUG 101918 * 
E 
“ural system. 
SOME ENERGY RELATIONS OF 
PLANTS! 
Tue science of botany is about one hun- 
dred and fifty years old. Great changes 
have occurred during this time in the point 
of view from which botanists look at the 
plant. 
The first scientific interest in plants was 
in merely naming them. In the latter part 
of the eighteenth century Linneus ex- 
tended the use of generic names which 
were already in use, added species names 
for greater convenience in handling his 
herbarium specimens, and thus established 
the binomial system, now in universal use 
in naming plants. Thus was laid the 
foundation of taxonomy as the earliest 
phase of the science of botany. 
Linnus clearly saw that the next step 
in the advance of botanical knowledge was 
to be classification. He himself made some 
erude attempts at arranging plants in 
classes. His system he well knew to be 
artificial. He clearly foresaw that more 
complete knowledge of the structure of 
plants, particularly of their buds, flowers 
and fruit, would ultimately lead to the 
classification of flowering plants in a nat- 
His successors were busy 
with the attempt to learn enough of this 
structure of reproductive parts to enable 
them to put plants into a systematic classi- 
fication according to their natural relation- 
ships. 
This gave rise to morphology as the sec- 
ond great phase of the advance of botanical 
1 Address as retiring president of the University 
of Weshington Chapter, Sigma Xi, Seattle, June 4, 
1918. 
