510 
prosecution of knowledge has formed a bond strong 
enough to resist the strain of national antagonism. 
And this bond was strengthened during the latter 
part of the last century, when branches of science 
developed requiring for their study the cooperation 
of all the civilized nations of the world. Interna- 
tional associations and conferences rapidly multi- 
plied, and the friendly intercourse between the 
learned representatives of different countries grew 
more intimate, in spite of their political differences, 
which were admitted but not insisted upon. 
In former times, war frequently interrupted the 
cooperation of individuals without destroying the 
mutual esteem based on the recognition of intellec- 
tual achievements; peace then soon effaced the 
sears of a strife that was ended. If to-day the 
representatives of the scientific academies of the 
Allied nations are forced to declare that they will 
not be able to resume personal relations in scien- 
tific matters with their enemies until the Central 
Powers can be readmitted into the concert of civil- 
ized nations, they do so with a full sense of re- 
sponsibility; and they feel ‘bound to record the rea- 
sons which have led them to this decision. 
Civilization has imposed restrictions on the con- 
duct of nations which are intended to serve the in- 
terests of humanity and to maintain a high stand- 
ard of honor. Such are the recognition of the 
sanctity of treaties—especially those designed to 
apply to a state of war—and the avoidance of un- 
necessary cruelties inflicted on civilians. In both 
these respects the Central Powers have broken the 
ordinances of civilization, disregarding all conven- 
tions and unbridling the worst passions which the 
ferocity of war engenders. War is necessarily full 
of cruelties: individual acts of barbarity can not 
be avoided and have to be borne. It is not of 
these we speak, but of the organized horrors en- 
couraged and initiated from above with the sole 
object of terrorizing unoffending communities. 
The wanton destruction of property, the murders 
and outrages on land and sea, the sinking of hos- 
pital ships, the insults and tortures inflicted on 
prisoners of war, have left a stain on the history 
of the guilty nations which can not be removed by 
mere compensation of the material damage in- 
flicted. In order to restore the confidence, without 
which no scientific intercourse can be fruitful, the 
Central Powers must renounce the political meth- 
ods which have led to the atrocities that have 
shocked the civilized world. 
The following delegates were expected to 
attend the Conference, representing different 
nations and academies: 
SCIENCE 
[N. S. Vou. XLVIII. No. 1247 
Belgium.—Major Lecomte, director of the Royal 
Observatory of Belgium; M. Massart, professor of 
botany at the University of Brussels; Professeur 
de la Vallée Poussin. 
France.—B. Baillaud, director of the Observatory 
of Paris; G. Bigourdan, astronomer at the Observ- 
atory of Paris; A. Haller, professor of organic 
chemistry at the Sorbonne; M. Lacroix, setretary 
of the Académie des Sciences, professor of mineral- 
ogy at the Sorbonne; Ch. Lallemand, director of 
the Trigonometrical Survey; Ch. Monreu, professor 
of pharmaceutical chemistry at the Ecole Supé- 
rieure; Emile Picard, secretary of the Académie 
des Sciences, professor of mathematics at the Sor- 
bonne. 
Italy.—Vito Volterra, professor of mathematical 
physies at the University of Rome, member of the 
Italian Senate. 
Japan.—Joji Sakurai, professor of chemistry at 
the University of Tokyo; Aikitsu Tanakadate, late 
professor of physics at the University of Tokyo. 
Portugal.—Professor Braamkamp Freire, presi- 
dent of the Academy of Science, Lisbon. 
Serbia.—Bogdan Popovitch, professor of litera- 
ture and rhetoric at the University of Belgrade; 
Dr. Zonjovitch, president of the Royal Academy of 
Belgrade. : 
United States—H. A. Bumstead, professor of 
physies at Yale University; Colonel J. J. Carty, 
chief engineer of the American Telegraph and 
Telephone Company; W. J. Durand, professor of 
mechanical engineering at Stanford University; 8S. 
Flexner, director of the Rockefeller Institute; 
G. E. Hale, director of the Mount Wilson Ob- 
servatory, A. A. Noyes, professor of chemistry at 
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 
THE HARVEY SOCIETY 
At a meeting of the Harvey Society held 
during September the following officers were 
elected : 
President—Dr. Graham Lusk. 
Vice-president—Dr. Rufus Cole. 
Secretary—Dr. Karl M. Vogel. 
Treasurer—Dr. F. H. Pike. 
Other members of the Council—Dr. John Auer, 
Dr. James W. Jobling, Dr. Frederic S. Lee. 
It was decided at this meeting that the 
number of lectures to be given during the 
winter of 1918-19 should not exceed six; that 
the lectures of last winter and this winter be 
incorporated together in one volume; and that 
the members of the society be charged dues 
