1900.] 



SOFT ANATOMY OF THE MUSK-OX. 



155 



gives the following results. With regard to its pronounced 

 "division into a right and left lobe, it resembles more the ovine than 

 the bovine liver. But since the same division is just as much 

 pronounced in many other forms, this characteristic has hardly any 

 classificatory value. The lobus spigelii has the same form in Outs, 

 Bos, and Ovibos ; but it is doubtful whether the shape of this lobe 

 offers any valuable characteristics, since it may be absent or present 

 in the same genus or even species, while its form in the same 

 species may be either " rusiform " or " oviform " (cf. G-arrod, I. c. 

 p. 4). The shape of the lobus caudatus in the Musk-ox is more 

 flattened and less trihedral than in any liver of Oavicornia or 

 Cervicornia I have seen. 



Fig. 8. 



?*■ 



/. 



P- 



Liver, gall-bladder, and part of the duodenum of the Muak-ox. 



This probably depends on the circumstance that the right kidney 

 is not so closely impressed and capped by this part of the liver. 

 The union of the ductus pancreaticus with the ductus cJioledechus 

 before entering the intestine seems at first sight to be a character 

 of more importance, because this presents a resemblance to Sheep 

 and a difference from Cattle. It must be observed, however, that, 

 according to Franck \ Bos not seldom has two ducti pancreatici, 

 one opening directly in the intestine, and the other uniting with 

 the ductus choledechus. This considerably lessens the difference of 

 arrangement, the more so as my preparation of Ovibos was a little 

 damaged in these parts, so that I am not able to deny the possible 



1 Cf. Ellenberger and Midler, I. c. p. 433. 



