1900.] HAIR-SLOPE IN CERTAIN MAMMALS. 679 



6. Carnivores. — Among these, Ursidae ; Procyonidae (except 



the Great Panda) ; Mustelidae ; Otariidae; Phocidae; Triche- 

 chidae ; Viverridae, and Canidae conform to the Ordinary 

 Type. 



7. Primates. — Lemuridae mostly present this type, thus differ- 



ing from the type found in Monkeys and Anthropoid Apes 

 and in Man, which will be described later. 



It is more particularly those instances among Carnivores and 

 Ungulates, departing from the Ordinary Type, to which I desire 

 to draw attention. 



So far as I have been able to ascertain from a great number of 

 specimens, living and dead, among Carnivores the great majority 

 follow the Ordinary Type. The exceptions observed are somewhat 

 remarkable — viz., Felis leo, F.tigris, F.pardus, F.onca, F.concolor, 

 F. lynx, F.jubatus, and the Domestic Cat. In these animals so 

 decidedly marked off, by their deep and massive muzzle, from the 

 smaller and more numerous allies of the Felidaa, the direction of 

 the slope of hair on the nasal region is towards the external nares, 

 beginning from a whorl which is situated about midway between 

 the level of the orbits aud the external nares. Prom this whorl 

 there is no interruption to the straight line taken by the hair- 

 slope till it reaches the muzzle. (See Lion, fig. 1, p. 678.) 



One singular exception to the Ordinary Type is found in the 

 Panda {JEluropiis melanoleucus) , and in this animal the whorl is 

 found slightly nearer to the external nares than that of the larger 

 Felidae, and the slope thence to the nares resembles theirs. The 

 Panda and the larger Felidae, it may be remembered, have all 

 massive, deep muzzles. 



As to Carnivores, then, it appears that all Dogs, Foxes, Wolves, 

 Jackals, Smaller Cats, nearly all Bears, Eacoons, Seals, Walruses, 

 Weasels, Badgers, Otters, Skunks, present the Ordinary Type of 

 hair-slope on the nasal and frontal regions. 



These are all animals with elongated, more or less pointed 

 snouts. The exceptions brought forward — Lion, Tiger, Leopard, 

 Puma, Jaguar, Lynx, Cheetah, Panda — are those of animals with 

 deep, massive snouts. 



Ungulates furnish a greater number of exceptions to the 

 Ordinary Type than any other group of mammals. It has been 

 seen that the majority even of this order are, so to speak, normal. 



The exceptions which have been noted are as follows : — 



Bovidce, or True Oxen. 



Bos indicus, ~) , ... , , . , 



Bos frontalis I P resent a uniform slope from a whorl 



Bossondaicus, between the insertion of the horns to a 



Bos taurus (or | P° mt ^ ab °T e the m " S la °, f . th ? U1U I Zzle ' 

 Cono-o Buffalo^ wli ere a secondary small whorl is found. 



Bos depressicornis. — Slope passes from a whorl close below the 



