FEMALE ORGANS OF THE PROBOSCIDEA. 123 
which in the male occupy the interval between the bulbo- and ischio-cayernosi muscles, 
and which act as compressors of the glands in question. 
Clitoris.—The clitoris is formed by the junction of two crura, each of which is attached 
to the corresponding ischial tuberosity, and measures 3 inches in length. Each crus is 
cylindrical in form, and is covered on its under surface by the fibres of a well-developed 
ischio-cavernosus muscle. The two crura, by their junction, form the body of the clitoris, 
which measures 7 inches in length and 2 of an inch indiameter. It is almost cylindrical 
in form, and lies along the upper wall of the extrapelvic portion of the urino-genital canal. 
It terminates within the vulva in a rounded imperforate glans, surrounded by a prepuce of 
mucous membrane continuous with that lining the urino-genital canal. The free extremity 
of the glans, uncovered by the prepuce, measures } inch indiameter. Running along the 
dorsum of the clitoris are two arteries of large size, external to each of which is a large 
nerve. Both structures extend as far as the extremity of the clitoris, and in their course 
give off subordinate twigs to the neighbouring parts. On making a section of the 
clitoris this organ is seen to be composed of two corpora cavernosa, each of which con- 
sists of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed by a stout fibrous capsule. There is no trace 
of a corpus spongiosum. With regard to this structure, however, it would be of interest 
to ascertain, from the examination of a perfectly fresh specimen, whether or not it is, 
as in the human female, represented by two “ vaginal bulbs” situated within the tegu- 
mentary folds which bound the genital fissure. 
Muscles of Clitoris —Excluding the bulbo-cavernosus muscle, which has already been 
described along with the urino-genital canal, these are two in number on each side, 
(a) The ischio-cavernosus or erector clitoridis is well developed, and arises from the 
tuber ischii. Its fibres pass obliquely forward and inward toward the middle line, 
and, covering the under surface of the crus clitoridis, are inserted into it as far forward 
as the junction of the latter with its fellow of the opposite side. This muscle lies to 
the outer side of the bulbo-cavernosus muscle. (b) The levator clitoridis is arranged 
exactly as the levator penis in the male. Each is a strong flat muscle, measuring at its 
origin 11 inch in breadth, and is attached to the ischial bone immediately in front of 
the tuberosity, as well as, although to a less degree, to the upper surface of the crus 
clitoridis. The muscle passes forward, and, resting upon the dorsum of the clitoris, 
ends in a tendon opposite the junction of the anterior and middle thirds of the clitoris, 
which unites at once with that of the opposite side, the single tendon thus formed being 
inserted into the dorsal surface of the glans clitoridis. 
Comparing this description of the urino-genital canal with those of other authors who 
have dissected the Indian Elephant, we find that the principal difference lies in regard 
to the number of openings which communicate with this canal. Hunter’ says, ‘‘ At the 
termination of the proper vagina, its cavity” (7. e. the cavity of the urino-genital canal) 
“eontracts at once almost into a blind end, in the centre of which there are three small 
' Loe. cit. p, 175. 
