148 PROF. OWEN ON NEW AND RARE CEPHALOPODA. 
The hook-armed Calamaries designated under the generic name Onychoteuthis by 
Lichtenstein have since been separated and grouped under other genera, of which the 
two best-marked are distinguished by the disposition of their peculiar weapons. 
In one group the hooks or claws are restricted to the tentacles ; in the other they are 
developed upon both arms and tentacles. 
To the first of these Calamaries the original generic term is now restricted, as the 
type species (Onychoteuthis banksii*) exemplifies such partial location of the hooks. 
The term Enoploteuthis is applied, by d’Orbigny, to the group in which the arms as 
well as the tentacles bear hooks. A fossil species similarly provided has been termed 
Acanthoteuthis. Other genera have been proposed on minor modifications *, but have 
not met with acceptance. 
I propose to offer some anatomical observations derived from a species of the first 
genus, before describing the preserved parts of the large example of the second genus 
of these most formidable Dibranchiate Cephalopods. 
The first observations are results of a partial dissection of a unique specimen of 
Onychoteuthis (O. raptor, Ow.), nearly allied to the type species. 
My subject (Pl. XXIX. figs. 1 & 2) is 8 inches 6 lines in length, of which the body 
gives 5 inches 8 lines, including the infundibulum. ‘The fins are rhomboidal and 
terminal, 3 inches 2 lines across, and each of a length of 2 inches 8 lines. The arms 
decrease in length from the ventral to the dorsal pair, but not consecutively, their 
order, as to length, being 4, 2, 3,1. Each is provided with a double row of small 
pyriform sessile acetabula. The swollen extremity of each tentacle, ¢, supports a double 
series of hooks, each projecting from a subelongate fleshy capsule; there are about 15 in 
each row, the outer ones being the longest: at the base of the uncigerous expansion is 
a circular group of small acetabula, ¢’, the function of which is specially noted in the 
article CepHaLopopa ‘ of the ‘ Cyclopedia of Anatomy.’ 
The eyes repeat the character of the Ommastrephic group, as noted in Ommastre- 
phes ensifer, except that the “lacrymal fossa” is less marked. 
2 Loligo banksii, Leach, ‘ Zoological Miscellany,’ 1817, no. iii. p. 141, and Appendix to Tuckey’s ‘ Narrative 
of the Congo Expedition,’ no. ii. p. 401. The specific name was given by Dr. Leach, under the impression that 
the small hook-armed Cuttle caught off the coast of Africa might be the species noted in “* Cook’s Voyage” above 
cited. In the following year (1818) the same species received from Lichtenstein (op. cit. p. 1592, no, 4, Taf. 19) 
the name Onychoteuthis bergii. Lichenstein’s figure is copied by Férussac and d’Orbigny in their ‘ Histoire 
Naturelle des Céphalopodes, 4to, 1835-1848, “ G. Onychoteuthis, pl. v.” 
8 Catalogue of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British Museum, Part I, Cephalopoda Antepedia, by 
John Edward Gray, 12mo, 1849, p. 46 et seq. 
4 « When these latter suckers are applied to one another, the tentacles are firmly locked together at that part, 
and the united strength of both can be applied to drag toward the mouth any resisting object which has been 
grappled by the terminal hooks. ‘There is no mechanical contrivance which surpasses this structure: art has 
remotely imitated it in the fabrication of the obstetrical forceps, in which either blade can be used separately, 
or, by the interlocking of a temporary joint, be made to actin combination.”—Cyel. of Anat. vol. i. 1836, p. 529, 
fig. 215, 
