ANATOMY OF THE CALIFORNIAN SEA-LION. 229 
The tongue is bifid at the apex. There are only three large, pitted, circumvallate 
papilla, arranged in the usual reversed V; the radix lingue behind these is covered 
with many free papillz or processes. The stomach is much like that of Otaria jubata, 
as depicted by Murie (J. c. pl. Ixxxi. fig. 65), but is less globular and more elongated. 
Internally the mucous membrane is soft, and raised up into numerous well-defined 
rounded rug, which are very irregular in disposition, curving about in all directions. 
In the pyloric part these folds quite disappear. When undistended, the greatest 
transverse length of the stomach is 16-5 inches, and its depth, opposite the pylorus, 
8-75 inches. Along the greater curvature it is 29 inches. The pyloric part, which is 
bent back towards the cardiac part, is 4°59 inches long, measured from the angle it 
makes with the rest of the organ. At the pylorus the stomach is about 2 inches across. 
All these dimensions, except the extreme length, are a little smaller than Dr. Murie’s 
corresponding figures (/..c. pp. 560, 561). 
The small intestine is quite without ruge of any kind, but is covered with very 
minute villi. The large intestine has only a few slight longitudinal ruge, but is other- 
wise smooth. The cecum is as in Otaria jubata, a short, simple, conical prominence, 
projecting backwards for 4 inch. The length of the small intestines is 106 feet 
11 inches; of the large, 6 feet 7 inches. In the Otaria jubata dissected by Murie the 
total length of the intestines was only 65 feet 2 inches. 
The great size of the vena cava and hepatic vein causes the comparatively small 
liver-lobes to be, as it were, developed round them. All the six lobes of the typical 
mammalian liver can be clearly made out, they being much separated from each other 
by the great development of all the chief fissures. Thus the umbilical fissure extends 
for at least three fourths the depth of the liver; and the cystic fissure is nearly as well 
developed, almost completely dividing the right central lobe into two. The lateral 
lobes are not united by any hepatic tissue at all to the central lobes, but are simply 
connected to them by means of the great vessels and connective tissue. The right 
lateral, the two parts of the right central, and the left central lobe are all compa- 
ratively long and narrow, the last particularly so; the left lateral, on the other hand, 
is of an irregularly square shape. The caudate and Spigelian lobes are small com- 
pared with the others, and are very freely attached. Both are of irregular shape, the 
caudate being somewhat forked externally; they are nearly, though not quite, united 
by a very thin bridge of hepatic tissue developed between them over the broad vena 
cava. The round and suspensory ligaments are well developed. The gall-bladder is 
elongated, and appears on the superior aspect of the liver. As compared with 
Dr. Murie’s figure (J. c. pl. Ixxxii. fig. 72) of the liver in Otaria jubata, that of the 
present species differs chiefly in the more regular outlines of its lobes, and the much 
smaller development of additional sulci on its inferior aspect, in these respects more 
resembling the liver of ordinary Mammalia, and presenting less approximation to the 
greatly complicated liver of the Seals. 
