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XVIII. On the Muscular and Endoskeletal Systems of Limulus and Scorpio; with 
some Notes on the Anatomy and Generic Characters of Scorpions. By ¥E. Ray 
Lanxester, WA. LL.D. F.RS., Jodrell Professor of Zoology, assisted by 
B. 8. Bennam and Miss K. J. Beck. 
Received and read June 19th, 1883. 
[Puares LXXII. to LXXXIIL.] 
CONTENTS. 
Page 
Pash ae introductions aby? Het WAT MANKESTER Nr 2h. 25). ot os ces denloae ak tee wes oe ents ban 311 
» 1. Description of the Muscular and Endoskeletal Systems of Limulus. By W. B.S. Berna. 
CE lAcesptPNOMRIESTPNONAVI Pes evens Steere tec eens te Rees Cea eee ee 314 
», III. Description of the Muscular and Endoskeletal Systems of Scorpio. By E. J. Beck. (Plates 
PRENAWAINIE PRO ASIONGS Vor. afavs atanehcdey etek face sich suiias core ores eisve istes ester sva'e) Suovaveronehe e mverelstere 339 
>» IY. Comparison of the Muscular and Endoskeletal Systems of Limulus and Scorpio, and Con- 
sideration of the Morphological Significance of the Facts recorded. By E. Ray Lanxester 361 
» Y. Notes on Certain Points in the Anatomy and Generic Characters of Scorpions. By E. Ray 
WATE ESTER (IE ALES TERROR NONI noose vaneless aiaveve) sppie-s d-nvavnelem ea.e, aceiiies ciereve 372 
Part I. Introduction. By E. Ray Lanxester. 
WHEN, two years ago, I undertook to institute a close comparison of the structure 
of Limulus, on the one hand with that of the Crustacea, and on the other hand with 
that of the Scorpion and other Arachnida, in order to definitely and fully substantiate 
the view which for many years had appeared to me plausible, viz. that Limulus is no 
Crustacean, but an Arachnid, I found considerable difficulty, owing to the fact that 
details concerning the,structure both of Limulus and of Scorpio, in reference to many 
critical points, were not to be met with in the literature of zoology. In consequence, I 
have found it necessary to undertake, in conjunction with my pupils, investigations 
upon various matters connected with the histology and coarser anatomy of both 
Limulus and Scorpio, which have yielded remarkable results—remarkable because 
they were obtained in the attempt to verify a hypothesis, and have uniformly tended to 
verify it. Thus, I discovered in Scorpio an organ which represents the brick-red coxal 
glands of Limulus (Proc. Roy. Soc. 1882), and in the remarkable microscopical structure 
of these “ vascular glands” I have detected a character which connects Limulus and the 
Arachnids in the closest way whilst mnie no exact equivalent in any Crustacean 
VOL. X1.—ParT x. No. 1.—Way, 3B 
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