THE .AIOST CURIOUS CRAFT AFLOAT 



243 



4:1 p parent deviation errors may readily 

 occur. It is thus seen that, before the 

 navigator can determine successfully the 

 outstanding errors of his compass and 

 make proper allowance for them during 

 the interval of night and cloudiness, when 

 celestial objects are obscured, he must 

 know what is the correct "variation" of 

 the compass — /'. c, the direction which 

 would prevail had he no source of dis- 

 turbance beneath him. Tlic purpose of 

 the zi'ork of the Carnegie is to giz'e the 

 mariner correct information. 



With the appliances on board the Car- 

 negie there were disclosed, in the short 

 space of six weeks (September i to Oc- 

 tober 14, 1909), systematic errors of 

 importance in the best charts now avail- 

 able. The existence of these errors had 

 been more or less suspected during the 

 past ten years, but, in spite of many 

 thousands of observations on iron vessels 

 by expert and conscientious men, they 

 could not be definitely laid bare. The 

 Carnegie's results are accepted as correct 

 by the leading hydrographic offices of the 

 ■world. Similar systematic errors of con- 



ESKIMO GIRL : K.\NGERDL00KS0.\H. 

 GREEXLAXD 



ESKIMO WOM.\N AND BABY I GREENLAND 



sequence have been disclosed on the 

 cruise from Madeira to Bermuda and 

 New York. The Carnegie returned 

 safely to the latter port on February 10 

 last, having completed a cruise of 8,000 

 miles since September i, 1909. She suc- 

 cessfully weathered the many severe 

 storms of the early part of this year. 

 Her next cruise will be a circumnaviga- 

 tion one of the globe. 



SHIPWRECKS MAY BE CAUSED BY COMPASS 

 ERRORS 



Those in command of vessels, for one 

 reason or another, frequently entrust the 

 compensation of their compasses to some 

 hired adjuster who, after completion of 

 his work and when the vessel has been 

 swung, furnishes what is called a "devia- 

 tion card," namely, a table showing the 

 corrections or errors of the compass on 

 the various headings of the ship. I was 



