FEDERAL FISH FARMING 



419 



HATCHERY CREW MAKING A PEANT OF SHAD FRY ON A NORTH CAROLINA SOUND 



Shad culture in North Carolina is now more successful than in any other State, owing chiefly 

 to the support given the government by the State authorities (see pages 429 and 435) 



for it supplies choice kinds of fish for 

 pubHc rivers, lakes, and ponds, and for 

 fishing preserves and private ponds and 

 streams in all parts of the United States. 

 The fishes most in demand for these pur- 

 poses are the land-locked salmon, the 

 different species of trottt, the grayling, 

 the basses, the crappies, the sunfishes, and 

 the catfishes, but various others also are 

 handled. 



NATIONAL Fish nurseries 



Fish-cultural stations are established 

 by special act of Congress, and their loca- 

 tion and construction are determined 

 after a careful survey of the available 

 sites in a given state. The usual build- 

 ings are the hatchery proper, a residence 

 for the superintendent and his family, 

 and necessary outbuildings. At some sta- 

 tions there may be also power house, 

 foreman's or fish-culturist's dwelling, 

 mess hall, and stable. The superintend- 



ent's and other quarters are furnished 

 gratis, but station employees provide 

 their own subsistence. 



The only permanent marine hatcheries 

 are in Maine and Massachusetts, where 

 the cod, pollock, flatfish, and lobsters are 

 hatched in immense numbers. Other sea 

 fishes that have in previous years been 

 artificially propagated and may again 

 come under the hand of the fish-culturist 

 are the haddock, the scuppaug.the sheeps- 

 head, the sea bass, the mackerel, and the 

 squeteague, some of which were hatched 

 on the steamer Fish Haivk in Chesapeake 

 Bay and Florida. 



The fish-cultural work on the eastern 

 coast streams was centered at 6 hatcheries 

 and subhatcheries in 1909. At i of these 

 the principal species handled is the At- 

 lantic salmon, at 4 the shad, at 3 the yel- 

 low perch, at 2 the white perch, and at i 

 the striped bass. In recent years the bu- 

 reau has operated a shad hatchery on the 



