40 CRATER LAKE, OREGON 



also on the slopes of Llao rock, Round Top, Kerr Notch, and 

 Eagle crags, thus comj^leting the circuit of the lake. On the 

 adjacent sloi)e toward the lake the same rocks present rough 

 fractured surfaces, showing no striae The glaciation of the rim 

 is a feature of its outer slope only, hut it reaches up to its very 

 crown. The glaciers armed with stones in their lower parts, that 

 striated the crown of the rim, must have come down from ahove, 

 and it is evident that the topographic conditions of toda}^ afford 

 no such source of supply. The formation of glaciers requires an 

 elevation extending ahove the snow line to afford a gathering 

 ground for the snow that it may accumulate, and under the in- 

 fluence of gravity descend to develop glaciers lower down on the 

 mountain slopes. It is evident that during the glacial period 

 Crater lake did not exist, but that its site must then liave been 

 occupied by a mountain to furnish tlie conditions necessary for 

 the extensive glaciation of the rim, and the magnitude of the 

 glacial phenomena indicates that the peak was a large one, rival- 

 ing, apparently, the higliest peaks of the range. 



The Mazamas held a meeting last summer at Crater lake in 

 connection with the Crater Lake clubs of Medford, Ashland, and 

 Klamath Falls, of the same state. Recognizing that the high 

 mountain which once occupied the place of the lake was name- 

 less, they christened it, with appropriate ceremonies. Mount 

 Mazama. The rim of the lake is a remnant of Mount Mazama, 

 but when the name is used in this paper reference is intended 

 more especially to that part which has disappeared. 



The inner slope of the rim, so well in view from Victor rock, 

 although precipitous, is not a continuous cliff. It is made up 

 of many cliffs whose horizontal extent is generally much greater 

 than the vertical. The cliffs are in ledges, and sometimes the 

 whole slope from crest to shore is one great cliff, not absolutely 

 vertical, it is true, but 3^et at so high an angle as to make it far 

 beyond the possibility of climbing. Button cliff, on the south- 

 ern, and Llao rock, on the northern, borders of the lake are the 

 greatest cliffs of the rim. Besides cliffs, the other elements of 

 the inner slope are forests and talus, and these make it possible 

 at a few points to approach the lake, not with great ease, but 

 yet, care being taken, with little danger. Southwest of the lake 

 the inner slope, clearly seen from Victor rock, is pretty well 

 wooded, and from near the end of the road, just east of Victor 

 rock, a steep trail descends to the water. Where talus slopes 

 prevail, there are no trees, and the loose material maintains the 



