254 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. LIV. No. 1394 



small proportion of males that are somatically 

 quite different from males and from inter- 

 sexes and that are sterile. There is genetioal 

 evidence that these males are IX : 3 sets 

 autosomes in constitution. Studies of " high 

 non-disj\mction " show that triplo-X indi- 

 viduals ordinarily die, but in certain lines they 

 occasionally survive as females that are so- 

 matically quite different from diploid or trip- 

 loid females and that are sterile. Such fe- 

 males occur also in the progeny of triploid 

 females ; and, in the case of those produced by 

 non-disjunction, both genetical and cytological 

 proofs of their constitution (3X : 2 sets auto- 

 somes) are now complete. 



Calvin B. BRrooES 



THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 



( Concluded) 



DIVISION OF DTE CHEMISTET 



A. B. Davis, chairman 



E. Norris Shreve, secretary 



Contribution to the estimation of S acid: H. E. 

 Lee. The stability of diazo-benzene and p-diazo- 

 toluene is takea up from the standpoint of their 

 use as standard volumetric solutions. Data show- 

 ing the relative stability of these diazo salts both 

 in aeid and alkaline solution are presented. Tables 

 showing comparative analyses of a large number 

 of samples of commercial and pure H acids are 

 given. The method used by the Newport Com- 

 pany for the analysis of H acid is outlined. The 

 use of p-diazo-toluene for the analysis of a number 

 of amino-naphthol-sulfonic acids other than H 

 acid is suggested. 



A new alism'in process: Chas. W. Schapper. 

 This process depends on a cheap process for 

 manufacture of pyrocatechol and then the syn- 

 thesis of alizarin according to Baeyer and Caro 

 from pyrocatechol and phthalic anhydride. Phenol 

 is nitrated and reduced wth zinc giving ortho and 

 para amino-phenol. This is diazotized, not filtered 

 and the diazo solution run directly into the still. 

 In the distillation the diazonium chloride, being 

 unstable, is decomposed — water and aeid first com- 

 ing oil — and at 243-245° C. the pure pyrocatechol 

 comes over. The p-amino-phenol may also be di- 

 azotized and sublimed, giving hydroquinone. 



Bleaching of dyed cotton fairies: J. Merkitt 

 Matthews. Owing to the demand of the Ameri- 

 can public for more cotton goods with larger va- 



riety of colors it was necessary to modify the 

 old-fashioned method of bleaching in order to 

 properly preserve the color and also to produce a 

 satisfactory bleached fabric. The extension of 

 cotton goods in the field of wearing apparel has 

 been made possible to great degree by the fact 

 that a variety of color effects can now be em- 

 ployed. This has been very beneficial to many of 

 our manufacturing enterprises and has also made 

 it possible to use the cheaper staple cotton in 

 place of the more expensive staples of wool and 

 silk. Furthermore, it has led to the development 

 of apparel materials which can meet the conditions 

 of modern treatment in the laundry. There is an 

 ever increasing demand for faster dyes owing to 

 the fact that modern methods of usage are such as 

 to put a very severe burden on the color. It has 

 been the endeavor of the dyestuff manufacturers 

 to increase continually the line of such fast dyes 

 for the purpose not only of enlarging the color 

 palette, but also of simplifying the method of 

 dyeing so that the dyer is not more inconvenienced 

 by the use of these fast dyes than he would be by 

 using the more fugitive colors. 



The immediate needs of chemistry in America: 

 William J. Hale. The industries are fast ridding 

 themselves of poorly trained chemists and hence 

 the recent period of business depression has come 

 in this respect like a godsend to chemistry in 

 America. A classification of chemists everywhere 

 is attempted. In order that industrial advance- 

 ment may be made all the more apparent, the 

 highest development of the several classes of chem- 

 ists is an absolute necessity. Four distinct factors 

 constitute the immediate needs of chemistry in 

 America, the most pertinent being the. development 

 of chemists with engineering training. In fact, 

 physics and engineering are no less important than 

 chemistry itself in the training of the young 

 chemist. The greatest need for the future as 

 well as for the present is the collaboration of uni- 

 versities and industries upon researches which 

 take their rise from industrial problems. 



Contribution to the chemistry of malachite green: 

 Joseph E. Minevitch. Tetramethyldiamidotri- 

 phenyl methane, which is prepared by the con- 

 densation of dimethylaniline and benzaldehyde in 

 the presence of hydrochloric aeid, when oxidized 

 with lead peroxide as a solution of the dihydro- 

 chloride either with or without sufficient acetic 

 acid does not give exclusively the tetramethyl- 

 diamidotriphenyl carbinol. The tetraearbinol 

 possesses crystalline properties and forms mala- 



