October 7, 1921] 



SCIENCE 



323 



make mankind become continually nobler, hap- 

 pier, and healthier; whilst those who imagine 

 that our sole aim is to make man a stronger 

 animal or a better beast of burden are utterly 

 ignorant of the meaning of the eugenic ideal. 

 But science, whilst giving us good grounds for 

 hope, also issues a grave warning concerning 

 the danger of national deterioration resulting 

 from the unchecked multiplication of inferior 

 types. In the past many nations of the first 

 rank, when apparently advancing without 

 check on the path of prosperity, have begun 

 to decay from unseen causes, and have in time 

 so fallen from their high estate as to cease to 

 count as factors making for progress. A de- 

 termination that such a downfall shall not be 

 the fate of his nation is a sentiment felt by 

 every man who is animated by the eugenic 

 ideal, an ideal to be followed like a flag in 

 battle without thought of personal gain. 



Leonard Darwin 



FREDERICK MORTON CHAMBERLAIN 



Frederick Morton Chamberlain died on 

 August 17, 1921, in a hospital in Oakland, 

 California, after a long and sometimes hopeful 

 fight against tuberculosis. He became seri- 

 ously ill in July, 1913, while on the Pribilof 

 Islands, and although he partially regained his 

 health for short periods, he was at no time 

 thereafter able to resume his usual activity. 

 The U. S. Bureau of Fisheries has thus lost 

 one of its most faithful employees, one whose 

 clear, keen mind and charming personality 

 will long be mourned by his associates. 



Mr. Chamberlain was born in Indiana, June 

 29, 1867. He graduated at the State K'ormal 

 School at Terre Haute in 1894, the State Uni- 

 versity at Bloomington in 1896 and the George 

 Washington School of Law in Washington, 

 D. C, in 1913. A close friendship began at 

 the Indiana colleges with (then) Professor 

 Barton Warren Evermann with whom later he 

 was associated in many scientific investiga- 

 tions. 



In the fall of 1896 he followed Dr. Ever- 

 mann to the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries (then 

 the United States Fish Commission) with 

 which he was connected throughout the re- 



mainder of his active career. In 1897 he and 

 Dr. Evermann carried on fishery investiga- 

 tions in some of the southern states. Later 

 in the same year he joined the Fisheries 

 Steamer Albatross and accompanied her to 

 Alaskan waters for a season of work in the 

 fisheries. The two following years the investi- 

 gation of salmon in the streams of California 

 occupied his attention. In this he was asso- 

 ciated with Cloudsley Butter. In 1900 and 

 1901 he was back on the Albatross engaged on 

 Alaska fishery problems, and in 1902 he 

 worked in Hawaii. 



During the summers of 1903, 1904 and 1905, 

 a work on the life history and young stages of 

 Alaskan salmon was completed. The report 

 which was published in the Report of the Com- 

 missioner of Fisheries for 1906, marks the be- 

 ginning of an epoch in the study of these im- 

 portant food fishes, and its importance has 

 only lately come to be realized in fish-culture. 

 The clear, concise language shows the hand 

 of the master workman, and the thoroughness 

 with which each problem was attacked is the 

 chief mark of the true scientist. His health 

 failed in 1905, while he was in the field on 

 these investigations, but apparent full recovery 

 was made after a short stay in Arizona. 



The Albatross sailed on a winter cruise to 

 the south Pacific for Alexander Agassiz dur- 

 ing the winter of 1904 and 1905 and Mr. 

 Chamberlain accompanied the vessel as natu- 

 ralist. The summer of 1906 was spent with 

 the ship in north Pacific and Japanese waters, 

 while from 1907 to 1910 he was in the Philip- 

 pines. The last cruise closed his connection 

 with this famous vessel. During her most 

 active period Mr. Chamberlain was aboard and 

 attended to the preparation of a great many 

 thousand specimens of marine animals for 

 later examination of specialists. The imper- 

 sonal manner in which the records of the 

 Albatross must necessarily be kept is regret- 

 table. Thus some pieces of iron, fastened 

 together in the form of a ship and named after 

 a bird will live for centuries in the annals of 

 science but the guiding hand which caused the 

 machinery to produce the treasures of the deep, 

 passes to oblivion, unmourned except by his 



